American History: African American Entrepreneurs

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAIf40NS7cIkITF1GPxwug9pl2oHNPLEQApLVTqI7ZXrBu-I4UC-NvaXIRt1fAZ2jbPSoeGCBO7LaztyusWq0sr80Q_bGCCsTfSoTiDPCXMy8TX0wR5XPwUHIAWH7l99bsOUboTbEE__Y/s1600-h/Robert_s_abbott.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" ct="true" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAIf40NS7cIkITF1GPxwug9pl2oHNPLEQApLVTqI7ZXrBu-I4UC-NvaXIRt1fAZ2jbPSoeGCBO7LaztyusWq0sr80Q_bGCCsTfSoTiDPCXMy8TX0wR5XPwUHIAWH7l99bsOUboTbEE__Y/s200/Robert_s_abbott.jpg" width="264" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Photo: Robert Sengstacke Abbott </span></span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 15px;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">(b. Nov. 24, 1870 - d. Feb. 29, 1940)</span></span></b></span></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> Robert Sengstacke Abbott was born inward Frederica, St. Simons Island, Georgia. Thomas Abbott, his father, was born into slavery inward the US, but died when his boy was however a baby. In 1869, Robert's mother, Flora Abbott, married John Sengstacke from a wealthy High German merchant immigrant family. Robert retained his belatedly father's get upwards in addition to took his pace father's get upwards every bit his middle name.</div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> From 1892 to 1896, Robert studied the printing merchandise at Hampton Institute (now Hampton University). By 1898, Robert earned a constabulary grade from Kent College of Law in Chicago, Illinois. He skillful constabulary inward Gary, Indiana, Topeka, Kansas, in addition to Chicago, Illinois. Ultimately, he decided that he could amend battle the arrangement of white supremacy racial injustice through the majority media instead of the courtroom. Robert pose downwards his constabulary books in addition to picked upwards his printing press. He would study the challenges in addition to successes of African Americans, tidings that was of import to their lives.</div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> <b>THE CHICAGO DEFENDER NEWSPAPER</b></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> With reportedly every bit niggling every bit 25 cents capital, Robert began the most widely-circulated Black paper inward the United States. The Chicago Defender paper became the medium to vocalism the concerns of African Americans inward Chicago. The paper made many outstanding contributions to journalism in addition to ultimately to Black history. </div> <div align="center" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"> <br /></div> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixKcao0QyVQ5tcKLbYpXAvUBX2RPTFfwIcKJxCFKXxXvVPFb-MAyaJ_P265VUCod1-1ie_Eizm4M4R0wpEVNaxz8n_LNMcjQcExHd_seFLFDQHIAJywYY9EKQMWE28bT1fpqyNRxZ82sM/s1600-h/Chicago+Defender+July+31+1948.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" ct="true" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixKcao0QyVQ5tcKLbYpXAvUBX2RPTFfwIcKJxCFKXxXvVPFb-MAyaJ_P265VUCod1-1ie_Eizm4M4R0wpEVNaxz8n_LNMcjQcExHd_seFLFDQHIAJywYY9EKQMWE28bT1fpqyNRxZ82sM/s400/Chicago+Defender+July+31+1948.jpg" width="295" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image of Chicago Defender headline.</td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> Established inward Nov 29, 1905, the Chicago Defender would operate the longest running African American paper publication inward Chicago. The telephone substitution of data from North to South -- through both the Chicago Defender in addition to correspondence betwixt relatives -- accelerated the Great Migration of African Americans to Chicago, resulting inward an growth of 150% inward the population of Black Chicago betwixt 1910-1920.</div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjELtKwHsET3j0jMy3gNzkbks9-8295Fx1C7DKJ-DxnLUTl5s4ezpTxU4R9BkGX0BY9QKJJzc6gJKUSR_hOl4sSyP-pgKD785C3V4eRy7xJishCpP9XS-dwyLvY4zO8p_Sek3en2gWnP8g/s1600/Chicago+Defender+Banned.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="296" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjELtKwHsET3j0jMy3gNzkbks9-8295Fx1C7DKJ-DxnLUTl5s4ezpTxU4R9BkGX0BY9QKJJzc6gJKUSR_hOl4sSyP-pgKD785C3V4eRy7xJishCpP9XS-dwyLvY4zO8p_Sek3en2gWnP8g/s320/Chicago+Defender+Banned.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">City officials inward Arkansas town seek ban on Chicago Defender newspaper.</td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> The Great Migration of African Americans from U.S. southern states to Chicago was inward utilisation fueled yesteryear the Chicago Defender's vocalism against injustice in addition to grand accounts of northern living at the attack of the U.S. industrial revolution. Originally housed inward a converted synagogue from 1920 to 1960, the Chicago Defender quickly developed into both the country's premier root for tidings of the northern migration of African Americans.</div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5re3DdD9n5IdvWLS28G3XMcz8XkDP-MgF-oXEKBjqqZQJG2pwQZ6Hx8fsyj5FB7uei7bJ1fU-KVuPBAuw6ps-Q1RdKxu86hvb4rtUmWDtF79qRC01tgh9ou-nvw0vdDm0E28xFeutXAI/s1600/Chicago+Defender+operations.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="292" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5re3DdD9n5IdvWLS28G3XMcz8XkDP-MgF-oXEKBjqqZQJG2pwQZ6Hx8fsyj5FB7uei7bJ1fU-KVuPBAuw6ps-Q1RdKxu86hvb4rtUmWDtF79qRC01tgh9ou-nvw0vdDm0E28xFeutXAI/s400/Chicago+Defender+operations.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Chicago Defender typesetters reach community tidings for majority distribution.</td></tr> </tbody></table> <div align="center" class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> Black Pullman Porters, who were prosperous in addition to good respected inward the African American communities, became the Defender's national "delivery  men," distributing the newspapers to many southern towns. The paper became an of import communication tool betwixt Black Chicagoans in addition to their relatives inward the southern states. </div> <div align="center" class="separator" style="clear: both;"> <br /></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> "My friends made fun of me," Robert is reported to convey said most the tremendous opposition to his establishing the Chicago Defender. "They idea it was foolish of me to anticipate success inward a plain inward which then many men earlier me had failed...but I went on fighting the opposition of my adversaries in addition to the indifferences of my friends. I emerged victorious but battle-scarred."</div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_ocS-4lSOfa9GQCdbOI5RQD2i6Y0I96D9LqIQGkW_U6ZN046Uf8y4U0ct973AmUeU9KIBLjgk8cbRsfMyp_tfO5v8L7j-0aNC_ZBrFZ9Qs4Pn10NMA4r7ZxMy8cTkNcFH_f1mWSd8DHc/s1600-h/Robert_S__Abbott_House%252C_4742_Martin_Luther_King_Drive%252C_Chicago_%2528Cook_County%252C_Illinois%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" ct="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_ocS-4lSOfa9GQCdbOI5RQD2i6Y0I96D9LqIQGkW_U6ZN046Uf8y4U0ct973AmUeU9KIBLjgk8cbRsfMyp_tfO5v8L7j-0aNC_ZBrFZ9Qs4Pn10NMA4r7ZxMy8cTkNcFH_f1mWSd8DHc/s320/Robert_S__Abbott_House%252C_4742_Martin_Luther_King_Drive%252C_Chicago_%2528Cook_County%252C_Illinois%2529.jpg" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">The historic dwelling trouble solid of Robert S. Abbott</span></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">(4742 Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive inward Chicago)</span></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"> In 1929, Robert established the Bud Billiken Club and with David Kellum established Chicago's Bud <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=black-chicago-commemorates-85th-annual" target="_blank">Billiken Parade in addition to Picnic</a>. He resided inward Chicago until his decease from Bright's Disease inward 1940. His home, established every bit a National Historical Landmark inward 1976, was located at 4742 S. Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive inward the Bronzeville community of Chicago. He left the Chicago Defender paper to his nephew John Henry Sengstacke. </div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAklwLhTxIL2O-ndIesvy6HUa_3gb5SP54RwbTWeh7Z8Ma8cJny7pXmMs1_juQ9nqDWaW-EHtnnDrqHfJMxQp3hyphenhyphen3TXit3SHVB5EeYUJMlr-Kj0m_M_iW4IgxIYER2ich-9dPokjXHQ-4/s1600-h/Chicago+Defender+Cover+January+5+2007.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" ct="true" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAklwLhTxIL2O-ndIesvy6HUa_3gb5SP54RwbTWeh7Z8Ma8cJny7pXmMs1_juQ9nqDWaW-EHtnnDrqHfJMxQp3hyphenhyphen3TXit3SHVB5EeYUJMlr-Kj0m_M_iW4IgxIYER2ich-9dPokjXHQ-4/s400/Chicago+Defender+Cover+January+5+2007.jpg" width="350" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">After to a greater extent than than 100 years of Black publishing history, Chicago Defender's 2007 number headlines local politics.</span></span><br /> <div> <span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div>

Robert Sengstacke Abbott Too The Increment Of Dark Intelligence Publishing

Photo: Robert Sengstacke Abbott (b. Nov. 24, 1870 - d. Feb. 29, 1940) Robert Sengstacke Abbott was born inward Frederica, St. Simons Island, Georgia. Thomas Abbott, his father, was born into sl…

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9bGCKpyabFNwl61owEwvLNWE8he1Se-TH3UEn4x7otTk0bOZcX5Z2YcjgTU-LCNFYJpDLJJqRJLiOCTKgQ0l565mw3dZt3m2TwqkW1V4RKDdvWswz2WZRs51RM88EI0ijRUwDLHVKXMk/s1600/Photo+of+Annie+Turnbo+Pope+Malone.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" nx="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9bGCKpyabFNwl61owEwvLNWE8he1Se-TH3UEn4x7otTk0bOZcX5Z2YcjgTU-LCNFYJpDLJJqRJLiOCTKgQ0l565mw3dZt3m2TwqkW1V4RKDdvWswz2WZRs51RM88EI0ijRUwDLHVKXMk/s200/Photo+of+Annie+Turnbo+Pope+Malone.jpg" width="168" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div style="font-size: medium;"> <strong><span style="font-size: x-small;">Photo of Annie Turnbo Malone </span></strong></div> <div style="font-size: medium;"> <strong><span style="font-size: x-small;">(1869-1957)</span></strong></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><br /> </b></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Before Oprah Winfrey in addition to Madame C.J. Walker, at that spot was Annie Turnbo Malone (aka <em>Annie Minerva Turnbo Pope Malone </em>and<em> Annie Minerva Turnbo Malone</em>), an African American entrepreneur in addition to philanthropist during the early on 20th century. Malone is recorded equally the U.S.'s outset Black woman millionaire based on reports of $14 i thou one thousand inward assets held inward 1920 from her beauty in addition to cosmetic enterprises, headquartered inward St. Louis in addition to Chicago. </div> <br /> <strong>Early Life of Annie Turnbo</strong><br /> <br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"> On August 9, 1869, Robert Turnbo and Isabella Cook became parents to Annie inward Metropolis, Illinois. Annie attended schoolhouse inward Illinois where she apprentenced amongst her sis equally a hairdresser. By 1889, Malone had developed her ain scalp in addition to pilus products that she demonstrated in addition to sold from a buggy throughout Illinois. </div> <br /> <strong>Launches the "Poro" Brand inward St. Louis, MO</strong><br /> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhO-nAK4B99iieJjqc97Lo_A8bN_xGT_g_6SkuvL2VPfcK6pm7rGrIFVmMNUNlQFaVrrwZyH60ylvUEq3TDztADMd9MdRdOxc1oTrw9Cy-t1X0ZtN0CpGprLf0rHmlNCPVeCjMDqgvKQ8M/s1600/Photo+of+Poro+College,+St.+Louis.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="288" nx="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhO-nAK4B99iieJjqc97Lo_A8bN_xGT_g_6SkuvL2VPfcK6pm7rGrIFVmMNUNlQFaVrrwZyH60ylvUEq3TDztADMd9MdRdOxc1oTrw9Cy-t1X0ZtN0CpGprLf0rHmlNCPVeCjMDqgvKQ8M/s320/Photo+of+Poro+College,+St.+Louis.gif" width="320" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <strong><span style="font-size: x-small;">Image of Poro College, St. Louis</span></strong></div> <br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"> By 1902, Malone's trouble organization growth led her to St. Louis, Missouri, which at the fourth dimension held the 4th largest population of African Americans. In St. Louis she copyrighted her Poro get beauty products. In 1914, in a St. Louis wedding, Malone married the schoolhouse primary Aaron Eugene Malon.</div> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhgxUT_5Ukro_De2ROzli8M1brHryY5wQFlVkTqba717capVkHyu1YoKhZZuyr1ByPYniucs_jUEqsQY5Xcs2TQZUR-_KvPX-z_DqdjVTXXwqT8Bvs1VV-ekHSdQm2MQlZ3zWHcvR3rf4/s1600/Photo+of+Annie+Turnbo+Pope+Malone,+Poro+College.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" nx="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhgxUT_5Ukro_De2ROzli8M1brHryY5wQFlVkTqba717capVkHyu1YoKhZZuyr1ByPYniucs_jUEqsQY5Xcs2TQZUR-_KvPX-z_DqdjVTXXwqT8Bvs1VV-ekHSdQm2MQlZ3zWHcvR3rf4/s320/Photo+of+Annie+Turnbo+Pope+Malone,+Poro+College.jpg" width="200" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <strong><span style="font-size: x-small;">Photo of Poro College Administrative Building</span></strong></div> <br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"> By 1917, Malone opened the doors of Poro College, a beauty college which was later attended yesteryear Madam C.J. Walker. The schoolhouse reportedly graduated virtually 75,000 agents world-wide, including the Caribbean. By 1930, the outset amount yr of the Great Depression, Malone had moved from Missouri after divorcing her bit hubby in addition to settled on Chicago's South Side.</div> <br /> <strong>The Black Philanthropist</strong><br /> <br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"> From 1919 to 1943, Malone served equally board president of the St. Louis Colored Orphan's Home.  She had donated the outset $10,000 to build the orphanage's new edifice inward 1919. During the 1920s, Malone's philanthropy included financing the educational activity of two full-time students inward every historically dark college in addition to university. Her $25,000 donation to Howard University was amid the largest gifts the academy had received yesteryear a somebody donor of African descent. </div> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbjuJQkaiSreMlcJeSOziRZJ2iNKUp9gb3JaWiyFQK4xa1yzGF6CPrpw4b9NMEFlXMfrJD99fGVcGJnILOHaz3tEIANFhpGHQF-Zl_lCBtzDMitwIYTPRdoXlfwL7reWn7rkKuxdXvvs8/s1600/Photo+of+Annie+Malone,+Black+Entrepreneur.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" nx="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbjuJQkaiSreMlcJeSOziRZJ2iNKUp9gb3JaWiyFQK4xa1yzGF6CPrpw4b9NMEFlXMfrJD99fGVcGJnILOHaz3tEIANFhpGHQF-Zl_lCBtzDMitwIYTPRdoXlfwL7reWn7rkKuxdXvvs8/s320/Photo+of+Annie+Malone,+Black+Entrepreneur.jpg" width="253" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <strong><span style="font-size: x-small;">Photo of Annie Turnbo Malone</span></strong></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> On May 10, 1957, Annie Turnbo Malone was treated for a stroke at Provident Hospital inward Chicago where she died. At the fourth dimension of her decease Poro beauty colleges were inward performance inward to a greater extent than than thirty U.S. cities.<br /> <a name='more'></a></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> St. Louis honors her retentivity amongst the Annie Malone Children in addition to Family Service Center whose mission is "is to ameliorate the character of life for children, families, elderly in addition to the community yesteryear providing social services, educational programs, advocacy in addition to entrepreneurship." </div> <br /> <div style="text-align: center;"> <object height="244" width="325"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube-nocookie.com/v/uVOOjnbJ-EU?fs=1&hl=en_US&color1=0x2b405b&color2=0x6b8ab6"></param> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param> <param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param> <embed src="http://www.youtube-nocookie.com/v/uVOOjnbJ-EU?fs=1&hl=en_US&color1=0x2b405b&color2=0x6b8ab6" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="325" height="244"></embed></object></div> <br /> <strong>Further reference</strong>: Annie Malone Children in addition to Family Service Center: <a href="http://www.anniemalone.com/about-us.html">www.anniemalone.com/about-us.html</a></div>

Annie Turnbo Malone: A Dark Philanthropist In Addition To Entrepreneur

Photo of Annie Turnbo Malone (1869-1957) Before Oprah Winfrey in addition to Madame C.J. Walker, at that spot was Annie Turnbo Malone (aka Annie Minerva Turnbo Pope Malone and Annie Minerv…

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Robert Sengstacke Abbott Too The Increment Of Dark Intelligence Publishing

Annie Turnbo Malone: A Dark Philanthropist In Addition To Entrepreneur

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