Black Suriname: African Maroon Societies Inwards S America

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAy3UMB4oWfgzBQddTCLRDOZyOImMdQSF78D4XAXYyFfpbtWCSJqXc9NICEvbbq7O-3Z_MwtY6_d7p5wnhfGbkKvz05aZgLt60We56K6zUVhwu_KRsVWz1eOeSQXq8BtE26HVGKCf2cdo/s1600-h/JamaicanMaroons.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" kt="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAy3UMB4oWfgzBQddTCLRDOZyOImMdQSF78D4XAXYyFfpbtWCSJqXc9NICEvbbq7O-3Z_MwtY6_d7p5wnhfGbkKvz05aZgLt60We56K6zUVhwu_KRsVWz1eOeSQXq8BtE26HVGKCf2cdo/s1600/JamaicanMaroons.jpg" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Maroon communities inward the so-called New World were gratis Africans, to a greater extent than oft than non from </b></span></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Western Africa, </b></span><b style="font-size: small;">who managed to escape European enslavement. This painting depicts </b></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Jamaican Maroons waiting to ambush </b></span><b style="font-size: small;">an approaching British military settlement</b></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">(Image: cir. 1795, painting past times J. Bourgoin, courtesy </span></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">of The Virginia Foundation for the Humanities)</span> </div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> African Maroon or Black Maroon societies are historically known to accept existed throughout the Americas: from the Carolina islands of the U.S. to the Florida peninsula of the United States, to the mountains of Jamaica into the Suriname (fka Dutch Guiana) jungles. Maroon communities equally good existed in <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=zumbi-dos-palmares">Brazil</a> too <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=zumbi-dos-palmares">Mexico</a>. The Maroons were enslaved Africans captured past times European slavers for forced plantation operate inward the New World.<br /> <br /> Through revolt, the enslaved African became fugitive slaves too banded into refugee African communities throughout the Americas too Caribbean, developing split upward from European settlers. Among the oldest known Maroons were from the portion straightaway called Suriname inward northeastern South America. African Maroon societies developed inward Suriname equally early on equally the 17th Century.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAxQljx8-ZNQUSFjd3yIHULaaOnTEOrt1ERaMlZFqx-aZW9jeBcVgFZ_23D5F_ZdTVr88u_Bs8QrAN0BKkS-YSp3pmcxjgfWMfBO5htddY1eyvqJy-uPrQAsogWMjxJ_QsUmeroQEfvZg/s1600/Photo+of+Ndyuka+tribesmen+of+Suriname.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAxQljx8-ZNQUSFjd3yIHULaaOnTEOrt1ERaMlZFqx-aZW9jeBcVgFZ_23D5F_ZdTVr88u_Bs8QrAN0BKkS-YSp3pmcxjgfWMfBO5htddY1eyvqJy-uPrQAsogWMjxJ_QsUmeroQEfvZg/s1600/Photo+of+Ndyuka+tribesmen+of+Suriname.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photo of Ndyuka tribes men of Suriname</td></tr> </tbody></table> <br /> <b>Africans of Suriname: Djuka too Saramaka</b><br /> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> The historical documentary below was shot inward what was too hence known equally Dutch Guiana by James A. Fitzpatricks for <i>TravelTalks: Voice of the Globe</i>. It provides a snapshot of the life of a grouping of kidnapped too purchased West Africans who chose to flee Dutch plantation slavery inward South America. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 1976 report past times Richard Price states that at that spot were half-dozen African Maroon groups inward Suriname, dividing them into 2 top dog groups on the reason of cultural too linguistic differences, equally good equally location: (1) the Eastern Tribes, consisting of the Ndyuka (Aucaner, Awka), the Aluku (Aluku nenge, Boni), too the Paramaka (Paramacca); too (2) the Central Tribes, consisting of the Saramaka (Saramacca), the Matawai, too the Kwinti (cf. the tribal distribution map inward Price 1976: 5). The Djuka too Saramaka are the largest African identify unit of measurement groups. The Aluku, Matawai, too Paramaka are much smaller inward number. The smallest tribe is the Kwinti, alongside fewer than 500 people.</div> <br /> <div align="center"> <object height="244" width="325"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/B3AfV__zcjo&hl=en_US&fs=1&"></param> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param> <param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param> <embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/B3AfV__zcjo&hl=en_US&fs=1&" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="325" height="244"></embed></object></div> <br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Among the early on anthropological plain studies of New World African tribes were amid the Djuka. In 1961, Dutch historians published substantial ethnographic resources. Additionally, full general ethnographic interrogation amid the Saramaka identify unit of measurement grouping was conducted past times Richard too Sally Price inward 1966-68, too briefly inward 1974-75.<br /> <i><br /> </i></div> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjkLdEjW5c3TYoEJmoqcrd9iBU4GiN5mPD7Gr9eH7j5qvFt5NdtqKG-ngq3r6oq7ntsCetb3Na0IB_Pwev4gLcNKpui-_0zbfWXkFx36QXIjj4HdiC2yrqZpxcibgqkjLYyfmIt1ksWzc/s1600-h/surinam.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" kt="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjkLdEjW5c3TYoEJmoqcrd9iBU4GiN5mPD7Gr9eH7j5qvFt5NdtqKG-ngq3r6oq7ntsCetb3Na0IB_Pwev4gLcNKpui-_0zbfWXkFx36QXIjj4HdiC2yrqZpxcibgqkjLYyfmIt1ksWzc/s320/surinam.bmp" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <b>Map of Suriname inward South America</b></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /> For the most part, the Djuka alive along the interior rivers <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=zumbi-dos-palmares" target="_blank">Suriname</a>. After a one-half century of guerrilla warfare against colonial too European troops, Maroons of Suriname signed treaties alongside the Dutch colonial regime inward the 1760s, enabling them to alive independently. Some commentators nation that the policy of autonomy has changed inward the past times few decades. The Djuka population increased markedly during the eighteenth too nineteenth centuries. Growing numbers are straightaway living inward too roughly Paramaribo, the capitol of Suriname, too they equally good look to last expanding eastward into following French Guiana. See equally good Journey Man Pictures' YouTube video documentary/commentary, <i><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZeeSi2mu9vc&NR=1&feature=fvwp%20">Defending the Secret Slave State - Suriname</a>.</i></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <object height="244" width="325"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/D8ygT-OF204&hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0&color1=0x3a3a3a&color2=0x999999"></param> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param> <param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param> <embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/D8ygT-OF204&hl=en_US&fs=1&rel=0&color1=0x3a3a3a&color2=0x999999" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="325" height="244"></embed></object></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <b><i>For farther reading nearly African Maroon cultures inward the Americas: </i></b></div> <ul style="text-align: left;"> <li><span style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #666666; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 20px;"><b>More from BHH Blog: <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=zumbi-dos-palmares" target="_blank">Africans inward Brazil: Zumbi dos Palmares</a>  Zumbi Leads the Quilombo Resistance</b></span></span></span> </li> <li><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Herskovits, Melville Jean, too Herskovits, Frances S., “Rebel destiny: amid the Bush Negroes of Dutch Guiana, New York, McGraw-Hill, 1934. 366 p. illus., maps.</span></i></li> <li><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Hurault, Jean, “Etude demographique comparee des Indiens Oayana et des noirs refugies Boni du Haut-Maroni” (Guyane Francaise) [Comparative demographic report of the Oyana Indians too the Boni refugee Blacks of the Upper Maroni (French Guiana). Population, fourteen (1959): p. 509-534.</span></i></li> <li><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Kobben, Andre J. F, “Participation too quantification; plain operate amid the Djuka (Bush Negroes of Surinam).” In D. G. Jongmans too P.C. W. Gutkind, eds. Anthropologists inward the Field. Assen, Van Gorcum, 1967.</span></i></li> <li><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Kobben, Andre J. F. Review of Jean Hurault 1961, “Les Noirs Refugies Boni de la Guyane Francaise. Caribbean Area Studies,” (1965): p. 63-65.</span></i></li> <li><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Price, Richard, “The Guiana Maroons: a historical too bibliographical introduction.” Baltimore too London, the Johns Hopkins University Press, 1976.</span></i></li> </ul> </div>

Black Suriname: African Maroon Societies Inwards S America

Maroon communities inward the so-called New World were gratis Africans, to a greater extent than oft than non from  Western Africa,  w...

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Alexander Crummell: Founder Of The American Negro Academy

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjf5mLxynHMp6Bzs6PGWV-bWmufuruwZjPLnIsiRORzBJMQ9z9ixjANJwu4W53wTOBkilHMoNLvffQFmI7emnWQuwziqbp0bTc_leK76A-MtH6DDv8lAOFRf8HpW-dfITnnb1mTg0GSM9w/s1600-h/crummell.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" kt="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjf5mLxynHMp6Bzs6PGWV-bWmufuruwZjPLnIsiRORzBJMQ9z9ixjANJwu4W53wTOBkilHMoNLvffQFmI7emnWQuwziqbp0bTc_leK76A-MtH6DDv8lAOFRf8HpW-dfITnnb1mTg0GSM9w/s200/crummell.jpg" width="441" /></a></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <b><span style="font-size: x-small;">Photo: Alexander Crummell (b. March 3, 1819 - 1898)</span></b></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Alexander Crummell, A.B., D.D., LL.D was born March 3, 1819 inwards New York City. He was friend as well as mentor to W.E.B. Du Bois as well as an outspoken social commentator as well as clergyman in nineteenth century America. He founded the American Negro Academy as well as became a  critic of his contemporary Booker T. Washington. </div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> "His father, Boston Crummell, was the boy of a West African main inwards Timanee. On his maternal side, Crummell’s ancestors had been gratis residents inwards New York for generations," according to the <a href="http://www.gale.cengage.com/pdf/scguides/crummell/crummellintro.pdf">Alexander Crummell Collection</a>, published past times Scholarly Resources, Inc. His granddaddy is said to bring been a chief inside the Vey tribe of West Africa.</div> <blockquote> <div style="text-align: justify;"> "<i>And, lastly, our boys as well as girls almost universally grow upwards without trades, looking forward, if they create facial expression forward, many of them, to beingness servants as well as waiters; as well as many more, I am afraid, expecting to perish a living past times adventure as well as hap-hazard.</i></div> </blockquote> <blockquote> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <i>Doubtless some of you lot volition nation that the colored people are non the alone people at error inwards these respects; that the American people, inwards general, are running wild most the higher civilization -- are neglecting trades as well as merchanism, as well as are leaving the to a greater extent than practical as well as laborious duties of life to foreigners."</i></div> </blockquote> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Excerpt from <i>Civilization & Black Progress: Selected Writings of Alexander Crummell on the South</i>, edited past times J. R. Oldfield, p. 136, University Press of Virginia (Charlottesville as well as London), from The Publications of the Southern Texts Society Collection (First Edition 1995). </div> <div style="text-align: justify;">   </div>   <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEtGYR32ugZg9U6TDUMrzYlwJ8NOJgXm9mpjbJUMi0O2XHYsjs8tkwyAhGIQbuoDAZxfR_yFZxmrNLHyxY8kqZbr9isvsmjehBiUfllubhrRMrSXZtcBWR3O8m5huLjufmNjKQxjjVcIM/s1600-h/american_negro_academy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" kt="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEtGYR32ugZg9U6TDUMrzYlwJ8NOJgXm9mpjbJUMi0O2XHYsjs8tkwyAhGIQbuoDAZxfR_yFZxmrNLHyxY8kqZbr9isvsmjehBiUfllubhrRMrSXZtcBWR3O8m5huLjufmNjKQxjjVcIM/s320/american_negro_academy.jpg" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Photo: American Negro Academy Members includes a seated W.E.B. DuBois.</b></span></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Crummell's American Negro Academy was an association of Africans from some the world. It was among the early on societies of global Africans that would associate for progress of African people. The academy would advocate the “Talented Tenth” concept afterward articulated inwards Earth writings of W.E.B. DuBois, i of the academy's founding members. Crummell's members inwards Republic of Liberia as well as Sierra Leone would pave the agency for W.E.B. DuBois edifice associations betwixt Blacks inwards America as well as Blacks inwards Africa.<br /> <br /> Further reference: "Encyclopedia of Missions," past times Harry New-comb; as well as inwards a sketch called "Africa inwards Brief," past times the Rev. J. J. Coles, missionary to the Vey tribes inwards Africa.</div> </div>

Alexander Crummell: Founder Of The American Negro Academy

Photo: Alexander Crummell (b. March 3, 1819 - 1898) Alexander Crummell, A.B., D.D., LL.D was born March 3, 1819 inwards New York City....

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The Sleeping Giant: 2 Video Docs On African Violet Families

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">AFRICAN KINGDOMS: Interview alongside the Living H.I.M Empress Shebah 'Ra - Queen Shebah III on Royals Responsibilities:<br /> <br /> <div align="center"><object height="285" width="330"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/96p_-QIMWvY&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x3a3a3a&color2=0x999999"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/96p_-QIMWvY&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x3a3a3a&color2=0x999999" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="330" height="285"></embed></object></div><br /> Discussion includes a brief history of ii African regal lines, including the Nubian Kushite throne (home portion roofing the southern portion of <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=rule-of-akhenaten-pharaoh-akhenaten">Egypt</a> as well as northern portion of Sudan that traces its dynastic history from Nimrod, begetter of Sheba I as well as boy of Cush, grandson of Ham, as well as great-grandson of Noah. Discussion betwixt these regal identify unit of measurement representatives too describes electrical flow federation efforts of the African Kingdoms as well as Royal Bloodlines on the African continent.<br /> <div style="text-align: center;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /> <br /> <br /> <b>Video: History of African Women Royal Leaders as well as Queen Mothers</b><br /> <br /> <b> </b><object height="285" width="330"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/L8XcVxUeSyc&hl=en_US&fs=1&"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/L8XcVxUeSyc&hl=en_US&fs=1&" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="330" height="285"></embed></object></div></div>

The Sleeping Giant: 2 Video Docs On African Violet Families

AFRICAN KINGDOMS: Interview alongside the Living H.I.M Empress Shebah 'Ra - Queen Shebah III on Royals Responsibilities: Discussion i...

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African Historians: Yosef Ben Jochannan, Ivan Van Sertima, In Addition To John Henrik Clarke

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">Gil Noble hosts a conversation amongst 3 of Africa's non bad historians: MD Yosef Ben-Jochannan (b. Dec 31, 1918 - Gondar, Ethiopia); the belatedly Prof. Ivan Van Sertima (b. Jan. 26, 1935 - Guyana, South America - d. May 25, 2009); in addition to the belatedly MD John Henrik Clarke (b. Jan. 1, 1915 inwards Union Springs, Alabama - d. July 16, 1998) on the <i>Like It Is</i> present (originally aired June 13, 1982).<br /> <br /> <div style="text-align: center;">PART I</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: center;"><object height="265" width="320"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/UTxaqNX1xMQ&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x5d1719&color2=0xcd311b"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/UTxaqNX1xMQ&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x5d1719&color2=0xcd311b" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="320" height="265"></embed></object></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: center;">PART II</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: center;"><object height="265" width="320"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/WFd7FR2UJr0&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x5d1719&color2=0xcd311b"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/WFd7FR2UJr0&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x5d1719&color2=0xcd311b" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="320" height="265"></embed></object></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: center;">PART III</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: center;"><object height="265" width="320"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/swQnQCLo7eA&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x5d1719&color2=0xcd311b"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/swQnQCLo7eA&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x5d1719&color2=0xcd311b" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="320" height="265"></embed></object></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: center;">PART IV</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: center;"><object height="265" width="320"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/9wvCoLzc2N4&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x5d1719&color2=0xcd311b"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/9wvCoLzc2N4&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x5d1719&color2=0xcd311b" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="320" height="265"></embed></object></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: center;">PART V</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: center;"><object height="265" width="320"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/wv0KaDGZUpM&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x5d1719&color2=0xcd311b"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/wv0KaDGZUpM&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x5d1719&color2=0xcd311b" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="320" height="265"></embed></object></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: center;">PART VI</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: center;"><object height="265" width="320"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/ruVemwd34FU&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x5d1719&color2=0xcd311b"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/ruVemwd34FU&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x5d1719&color2=0xcd311b" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="320" height="265"></embed></object></div></div>

African Historians: Yosef Ben Jochannan, Ivan Van Sertima, In Addition To John Henrik Clarke

Gil Noble hosts a conversation amongst 3 of Africa's non bad historians: MD Yosef Ben-Jochannan (b. Dec 31, 1918 - Gondar, Ethiopia); th...

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Africans Inwards Medieval England

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;"></span></b> </div> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHIkNm9KnhR9gxPNZQbhAmt1CTFyJ-v0cg2kABRyJXT6dbAQoG1IFvd-C5xcH9hGIQP0MPSkWPIERps-xbX_ZKBjswBnqXpQGJ-oie-kRbwD4C2qb3KaxeDBo9ojS5yhkhpnI-57X53uk/s1600/African+Knights+in+Medieval+Europe.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="261" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHIkNm9KnhR9gxPNZQbhAmt1CTFyJ-v0cg2kABRyJXT6dbAQoG1IFvd-C5xcH9hGIQP0MPSkWPIERps-xbX_ZKBjswBnqXpQGJ-oie-kRbwD4C2qb3KaxeDBo9ojS5yhkhpnI-57X53uk/s1600/African+Knights+in+Medieval+Europe.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Images of artistic renderings of African descent knights of medieval Europe</td></tr> </tbody></table> Human skeletal remains were constitute in a friary inward Ipswich, Suffolk, England inward the 1990s with recent carbon testing dating the remains to the European medieval menses of 1190-1300. Scientific experts convey confirmed that it is the oldest fossil tape bear witness of the African presence inward Medieval Europe. The European Medieval Period, every bit good called The Middle Ages, is to a greater extent than frequently than non dated past times Western historians every bit running from the 5th-15th centuries.<br /> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5jr4wRyDKnkbcFMIuyWwq7Od8CAlu50xg_-pDw8ddFV4VlyrUaxNFs_xgxKHelCvoFUWXVjeZZl-0druJrqVr8Q0XfTFaV8gnkvmtvpm0KJ1Gm9gNf9JpNayW-J28Qwj79lB6HCBnuHA/s1600/EnglandSuffolk.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5jr4wRyDKnkbcFMIuyWwq7Od8CAlu50xg_-pDw8ddFV4VlyrUaxNFs_xgxKHelCvoFUWXVjeZZl-0druJrqVr8Q0XfTFaV8gnkvmtvpm0KJ1Gm9gNf9JpNayW-J28Qwj79lB6HCBnuHA/s320/EnglandSuffolk.png" tt="true" /></a></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Map of the Suffolk Region of England</span></b></div> <br /> Isotopic forensic testing conducted past times experts from the University of Dundee Scotland identified the archaeological remains at Ipswich every bit a human of African descent, probable from the northern regional surface area of the African continent, inward a reason right away called Tunisia inward the Atlas Mountains region. Body carbon dating was every bit good performed past times experts for the History Cold Case plan on BBC2, which volition unloosen a documentary tidings characteristic that includes skillful facial reconstruction from the skull remains. The remains were constitute buried on consecrated religious grounds at a friary inward the Suffolk portion of the United Kingdom.<br /> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiptJED2aNivsmBEKO5eS3k4js7tKPLo4OL4jDuwbEmlIETIVtE2iQ5PM1oHcn5fCVLzldbG87QzlAvS-R5HwSQxxuY7jaaXOfJJLn_WZgK9gRH6k51AiTw212DeFfya2K7TEM3wSm8ZG0/s1600/Tower_of_the_Great_Mosque_of_Kairouan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiptJED2aNivsmBEKO5eS3k4js7tKPLo4OL4jDuwbEmlIETIVtE2iQ5PM1oHcn5fCVLzldbG87QzlAvS-R5HwSQxxuY7jaaXOfJJLn_WZgK9gRH6k51AiTw212DeFfya2K7TEM3wSm8ZG0/s320/Tower_of_the_Great_Mosque_of_Kairouan.jpg" tt="true" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Image: The Mosque of Uqba, Tunisia</span></b></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> In ancient times, this portion was populated by a people called Phoenicians (/fɨˈnɪʃə/) by English linguistic communication speakers and Canaan (Kana`an) in the Hebrew language. Later European as well as Arab settlers came into the region, such as the <a href="http://ancient-military-history.suite101.com/article.cfm/hannibal-and-the-military-history-of-carthage">Roman Empire</a> nether the Eastern Germanic Tribe called Vandals, as well as the Ottoman Empire. The Mosque of Uqba, every bit good known every bit the Great Mosque of Kairouan, was founded inward 670 B.C.E. in Tunisia (pictured above). It is known every bit the oldest mosque inward what is called past times Arab settlers as the Muslim West.<br /> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS0Nkt8O1CIbDWUM1pdRZL8BYtomROu7csDPLZX1sbovRBe3HZ95gdK1cjZ6IfvwmZkBeLUMAHS8QuOsm8gjoyJ2LWGkRwia5iqa2PuzY30ZOLvJBsqaqoMtNLg26XdjSpvckezQ0r3FI/s1600/medieval+africa+map" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS0Nkt8O1CIbDWUM1pdRZL8BYtomROu7csDPLZX1sbovRBe3HZ95gdK1cjZ6IfvwmZkBeLUMAHS8QuOsm8gjoyJ2LWGkRwia5iqa2PuzY30ZOLvJBsqaqoMtNLg26XdjSpvckezQ0r3FI/s320/medieval+africa+map" tt="true" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;">Map of <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=african-kingdoms-medieval-warfare" target="_blank">Medieval Africa</a></span></b></div> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4PKZYtFbAZt9RsV-8qJTsOZW2x7z2s91DxyxVQLJqjiE_a417ZeG9LDtR0u1C4XhRhoWDY_njnlKW4j-kAhXZxlphqY18b8ZBu22HTDZo76oUpI4DRrBlvr9YZHOfg_fxxtj11C0cVOU/s1600/Canaan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4PKZYtFbAZt9RsV-8qJTsOZW2x7z2s91DxyxVQLJqjiE_a417ZeG9LDtR0u1C4XhRhoWDY_njnlKW4j-kAhXZxlphqY18b8ZBu22HTDZo76oUpI4DRrBlvr9YZHOfg_fxxtj11C0cVOU/s320/Canaan.jpg" tt="true" width="237" /></a></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace; font-size: x-small;">Photo: master copy reason of people Canaan along the Nile river</span></b></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace; font-size: x-small;">before </span><span style="font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace; font-size: x-small;">migrating throughout the African continent</span> </b></div> <br /> "We don't know much well-nigh the migration of ordinary people," said Jim Bolton, a historian at Queen Mary, University of London.  "I believe that this is the start physical bear witness of Africans inward medieval England." Prior to this discovery, however, the oldest known humans of <a href="http://statues.suite101.com/article.cfm/the-african-renaissance-monument-in-dakar-senegal-africa">African</a> descent to alive inward this portion of Europe were identified from the tax records. This was a couplet whose lifetime dated approximately 150 years afterwards the African human at Ipswich.</div>

Africans Inwards Medieval England

  Images of artistic renderings of African descent knights of medieval Europe Human skeletal remains were constitute in a friary inwa...

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The Person Of Bronzeville: The Regal, Companionship Delisa Together With The Blues Exhibit

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEVREI7acS5PVgLNrZCzB9c5SqLfeCbb8JEWsUwhsHxyhP2oXuC69JOOld7F97HzieLQV-m1jS3pLqbmT-zf4HJgx36rbQBoOTqNbjAKQsvRAo2W9CfZvZgBq32X1tJMuoJe8sL8n3ZzY/s1600/Blues+Legends.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEVREI7acS5PVgLNrZCzB9c5SqLfeCbb8JEWsUwhsHxyhP2oXuC69JOOld7F97HzieLQV-m1jS3pLqbmT-zf4HJgx36rbQBoOTqNbjAKQsvRAo2W9CfZvZgBq32X1tJMuoJe8sL8n3ZzY/s320/Blues+Legends.jpg" wt="true" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /> </div>The DuSable Museum of African American History presents the exhibition “The Soul of Bronzeville: The Regal, Club DeLisa as well as The Blues." Through instruments, master copy photographs, personal memorabilia, concert collectibles, music as well as moving footage, this exhibition, curated yesteryear Gregg Parker, salutes Chicago every bit the habitation of many legendary Blues musicians. The demo runs through June 27, 2010 at the DuSable Museum inward Chicago, Illinois (<a href="http://www.dusablemuseum.org/">http://www.dusablemuseum.org/</a>).</div>

The Person Of Bronzeville: The Regal, Companionship Delisa Together With The Blues Exhibit

The DuSable Museum of African American History presents the exhibition “The Soul of Bronzeville: The Regal, Club DeLisa as well as The Blue...

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Olmec Social Club Of Mexico: Americans In Addition To Africans Earlier Spain's Colonization Of The Americas

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvcD54qqHgN5aRj1ZK6hqbBzNdN68sp656HaVKfQaTBNdJTky1JwB5k2kuB8N8Dv0Nw1dhw4Vuab_1jKGGvqYZWvzmbNjjSfjtFUZ4gGp0pKun9_ze_GgczaAvmPns3GP1xjeg6cqn890/s1600/Cabeza+olmeca+olmec+head.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvcD54qqHgN5aRj1ZK6hqbBzNdN68sp656HaVKfQaTBNdJTky1JwB5k2kuB8N8Dv0Nw1dhw4Vuab_1jKGGvqYZWvzmbNjjSfjtFUZ4gGp0pKun9_ze_GgczaAvmPns3GP1xjeg6cqn890/s320/Cabeza+olmeca+olmec+head.jpg" wt="true" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><strong>Olmec Head at La Venta Park, Villahermosa. Tabasco, Mexico</strong></span></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> The Olmec culture was a pre-Columbian social club inside the heartland of the Americas, operating every bit a kingdom c. 1200 BC to 400 BC. The Olmec social club included the electrical flow geographic regions of <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=gaspar-yanga-1570-african-slave-revolt">Mexico</a>, parts of what is right away the United States' Colorado, Texas, California, together with into Canada. The Olmec existed earlier the Maya, Toltec, together with Aztec civilizations. The early on query of Dr. Ivan Van Sertima, every bit laid upwards out inwards his book <em>They Came Before Columbus,</em> confirmed the <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=gaspar-yanga-1570-african-slave-revolt" target="_blank">Kmt-Nubian</a> (<a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=gaspar-yanga-1570-african-slave-revolt" target="_blank">Nilotic African</a>) presence amongst the Olmec through reports of carbon dating skeletal bones together with iconographic stones to 948-680 BCE.<br /> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM0X_lUMvFz2NQbCglNl0hAq1BG3UcYtPNndUVkIZUb6VOLv4-uYAyuq8r8O9V4sp71fydH_kMO3qu9RS0aC9QReiJNqBfrM8_aqJt2yuM1vKCpE6PCv7wp8MryUOqsuB4ivWp0OujjmQ/s1600/Olmec+Civilization.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM0X_lUMvFz2NQbCglNl0hAq1BG3UcYtPNndUVkIZUb6VOLv4-uYAyuq8r8O9V4sp71fydH_kMO3qu9RS0aC9QReiJNqBfrM8_aqJt2yuM1vKCpE6PCv7wp8MryUOqsuB4ivWp0OujjmQ/s320/Olmec+Civilization.png" wt="true" /></a></div> <br /> The rock heads that rest at Olmec furnish snap shots of the Kemet-Nubians that sailed from the Nile valley portion from the horn of Africa to non alone Europe together with Asia, only to the Americas earlier the Christian-era. This documentary provides alive footage of Dr. Ivan Van Sertima's on-site query inwards the Olmec regions of the Americas, such every bit the Olmec working capital alphabetic quality of La Venta, Tabasco, Mexico. <br /> <br /> Africans inwards America are described past times the local historian/tour direct inwards this documentary every bit a priesthood class. Dr. Van Sertima states that they were amongst the ruling elite of the Olmec, living amongst Mesoamerican native societies inwards relative harmony. <br /> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9F-k4fDjeHWR1TZP38m6rZUSic4tywJEJA9xCcawcEJre1mTZQQq6su0pMmf_oXvJZM53N9KDc6FeprocIPg-MTIayg9SRPjpBfzH2AVdFzRKHd1LobjsOXJP309qylRJ6Kr4sUVBKjs/s1600/33571_1674719468224_1244556603_31885886_2410622_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9F-k4fDjeHWR1TZP38m6rZUSic4tywJEJA9xCcawcEJre1mTZQQq6su0pMmf_oXvJZM53N9KDc6FeprocIPg-MTIayg9SRPjpBfzH2AVdFzRKHd1LobjsOXJP309qylRJ6Kr4sUVBKjs/s320/33571_1674719468224_1244556603_31885886_2410622_n.jpg" width="297" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; color: #333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b>BHH blogger inwards front end of 1 of the 2 Olmec heads featured at LACMA's exhibition </b></span></span></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: collapse; color: #333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b>"Olmec: Colossal Masterworks of Ancient Mexico" inwards Oct 2010 inwards Los Angeles</b></span></span></div> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /> </span><br /> <div style="text-align: center;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><i>Further references</i></b>: </span></div> <div style="text-align: left;"> </div> <ul style="text-align: left;"> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Dr. Ivan Van Sertima bully archaeological together with history documentary serial <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IywJ1DGuecY">HERE</a> or at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IywJ1DGuecY.</span></li> </ul> <ul style="text-align: left;"> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><i><a href="http://www.amazon.com/They-Came-Before-Columbus-Presence/dp/0812968174?ie=UTF8&tag=blachisthero-20&link_code=btl&camp=213689&creative=392969" target="_blank">They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence inwards Ancient America</a><span class="Apple-style-span"><img alt="Columbian social club inside the heartland of Olmec Society of Mexico: Americans together with Africans Before Spain's Colonization of the Americas" border="0" height="1" src="http://www.assoc-amazon.com/e/ir?t=blachisthero-20&l=btl&camp=213689&creative=392969&o=1&a=0812968174" style="border: none !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important;" width="1" /></span>, by <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-style: normal;">Ivan Van Sertima (2003)</span></i></span></li> </ul> </div> </div>

Olmec Social Club Of Mexico: Americans In Addition To Africans Earlier Spain's Colonization Of The Americas

Olmec Head at La Venta Park, Villahermosa. Tabasco, Mexico The Olmec culture was a pre-Columbian social club inside the heartland of ...

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