Rev. Glenwood Paris Roane Sr., Esquire

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5m7KaGSd7CE0zFsUM1j6etMibtpmHLEexfFLq8DQla4lzixjuaYx9YcXW0gQGoJE38iQRGChFhD1k2YOMQMZgBx8kWyXKmJEhku2PW8vvw1NG_HPCdujSExSaTFMNHfVlOjAWAo3FN3Y/s1600/Rev.+Glenwood+P.+Roane+Esquire+20081211_NaantaanbuCommemoration_400px.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5m7KaGSd7CE0zFsUM1j6etMibtpmHLEexfFLq8DQla4lzixjuaYx9YcXW0gQGoJE38iQRGChFhD1k2YOMQMZgBx8kWyXKmJEhku2PW8vvw1NG_HPCdujSExSaTFMNHfVlOjAWAo3FN3Y/s320/Rev.+Glenwood+P.+Roane+Esquire+20081211_NaantaanbuCommemoration_400px.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="text-align: left;">Photo: Rev. Glenwood Paris Roane Sr., Esquire, <br /> Pastor of Second Congregational United Church of Christ holds Bible, <br /> amongst f</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; line-height: 14px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">ormer Memphis Mayor Willie Herenton</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; line-height: 14px; text-align: -webkit-auto;"> and other Memphis elders to his left.</span></span><span style="font-size: small; text-align: left;"> </span></td></tr> </tbody></table></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /> Rev. Glenwood Paris Roane Sr., Esquire, Pastor of Second Congregational United Church of Christ, departed this life on Dec 30, 2011, at the historic catamenia of 81, next a long illness. He is survived past times his devoted married adult woman of 41 years, Lucie Porter Roane; a son, Glenwood P. Roane Jr.; 2 daughters, doctor Karen Roane Jones (Dr. Mark) as well as Rosemary Ly Kallaur (Daniel); vi grandchildren; 2 brothers, Gerald Roane (Barbara), as well as Russell Roane (Marie); a brother-in-law, Douglas T. Porter (Dr. Jean Butcher); as well as a host of nephews, nieces as well as cousins.<br /> <br /> H5N1 native Virginian as well as the 7th of x children, he was born to the slow Ruby Richardson as well as James Randolph Roane inwards Westmoreland County VA. Glen graduated from A.T. Johnson High School as well as went on to have a BS marking inwards Agronomy as well as was honored every bit a “Distinguished Military Graduate” from Virginia State University inwards 1952. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /> </div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: justify;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJBj92TB4_l44xo6w6CigQnlA_Yjk9R-pZZzOt8dFJcyQcwUAxSi_wIH_JEPX2OeE9O-as6UOM-jaGWqy-Y588RbAqc9sz9pFHTOsyfOLVD4W6uo6OHOb0knEdwkFGsXK7NtqbvheWHOY/s1600/glenwood+p.+roane.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="161" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJBj92TB4_l44xo6w6CigQnlA_Yjk9R-pZZzOt8dFJcyQcwUAxSi_wIH_JEPX2OeE9O-as6UOM-jaGWqy-Y588RbAqc9sz9pFHTOsyfOLVD4W6uo6OHOb0knEdwkFGsXK7NtqbvheWHOY/s320/glenwood+p.+roane.gif" width="113" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image: Glenwood P. Roane, <br /> Attorney at Law</td></tr> </tbody></table><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">He received his Juris Doctor from Howard University School of Law inwards 1957. He did graduate operate at the Fletcher School of Law as well as Diplomacy, Tufts University inwards 1970-71, as well as at Georgetown University inwards 1990. Glen loved the police pull as well as was a proud fellow member of the bar inwards Washington, D.C., Virginia as well as Tennessee. He was a career Diplomat amongst the U.S.A. Department of State / U.S.A. Agency for International Development for 26 1/2 years. He served inwards Kenya, Egypt, Liberia, Ghana, Vietnam, as well as the Far East every bit a Foreign Service Officer. Throughout his distinguished career, he was the recipient of numerous awards.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">He holds a life membership inwards the NAACP as well as a fellow member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity. The identify unit of measurement volition have friends on <b>Friday, Jan 6, 2012, from 4-7 p.m. at Second Congregational United Church of Christ, 764 Walker Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee. </b>The funeral service volition live held on <b>Saturday, Jan 7</b>, at eleven a.m. at Metropolitan Baptist Church, 767 Walker Avenue. Burial volition accept identify on Saturday, <b>January 14, 2012</b> at Galilee Baptist Church, Montross, VA.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">The identify unit of measurement wishes to limited sincere cheers for the assist as well as back upward given past times the staff on iii West at Methodist Le Bonheur Germantown Hospital as well as Methodist Alliance Hospice Residence. In lieu of flowers, the identify unit of measurement suggests that memorial contributions live made to the “Building Fund” at Second Congregational United Church of Christ. Memorial Park Funeral Home, "Behind the rock wall", 901-767-8930. Condolences may live offered at <a href="http://www.memorialparkonline.com/">www.MemorialParkOnline.com</a>.<br /> <br /> <i>Submitted past times attorney Roane's old police pull clerk as well as associate, Vanessa M. Cross, J.D., LL.M.</i></div></div>

Rev. Glenwood Paris Roane Sr., Esquire

Photo: Rev. Glenwood Paris Roane Sr., Esquire, Pastor of Second Congregational United Church of Christ holds Bible, amongst former Memphis Mayor Willie Herenton and other Memphis elders to his lef…

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Freedom's Journal: The Root African American Paper (Photo Image)

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: center;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">FREEDOM'S JOURNAL</span></div><div style="text-align: center;">The outset Black paper of tape printed inwards the U.S.A. was Freedom's Journal, </div><div style="text-align: center;">published inwards New York City inwards 1827.</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /> </div><img src="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/500169/original.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, Century, Times, serif; font-size: 16px; height: auto; line-height: 21px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: none; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" /> </div>

Freedom's Journal: The Root African American Paper (Photo Image)

FREEDOM'S JOURNALThe outset Black paper of tape printed inwards the U.S.A. was Freedom's Journal, published inwards New York City inwards 1827. …

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Mass Club

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> <b style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"><span style="color: #7f6000; font-size: large;"><i>Welcome to the Book Club!</i></span></b></div> <br /> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXp3lZkPn4zURfe1tLm-ZlUjWg77MqD0pEpgQ7OowIkM1ozKUlJzn5gWlA6JfW_upuZa7NxfohvRb1dPdSU-3WE5aKrL_WvSAgdXblNDLdsIfw34jtx57qs5HvbswpXkdxlTYra1c5Mak/s1600/Photo+The+New+Jim+Crow+Mass+Incarceration+in+the+Age+of+Colorblindness.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXp3lZkPn4zURfe1tLm-ZlUjWg77MqD0pEpgQ7OowIkM1ozKUlJzn5gWlA6JfW_upuZa7NxfohvRb1dPdSU-3WE5aKrL_WvSAgdXblNDLdsIfw34jtx57qs5HvbswpXkdxlTYra1c5Mak/s320/Photo+The+New+Jim+Crow+Mass+Incarceration+in+the+Age+of+Colorblindness.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> </div> <ul style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"> <li><b>THIS QUARTER'S BOOK TITLE</b>: The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration inwards the Age of Coloredblindness</li> </ul> <ul style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"> <li><b>AUTHOR</b>: Michelle Alexander</li> </ul> <ul style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"> <li><b>READING AND DISCUSSION PERIOD</b>: July 1, 2012 - September 30, 2012</li> </ul> <ul style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"> <li><b>INITIAL DISCUSSION QUESTION</b>: According to a <i>The New York Times </i>report, "[t]he U.S.A. of America has less than v per centum of the world's population. But it has well-nigh a quarter of the world's prisoners." See U.S. prison theater population dwarfs that of other nations, past times Adam Liptak, <i>NYT</i> (04/23/08). What is the argue for America's growing Industrial Prison Complex? What, if any, connectedness does it accept amongst the history of enslavement of Africans inwards America?</li> </ul> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7DcMSokBWSCV_5HpW5esfkyfa4EDwVGzjdzapwOWQ90hWBM45u3lttSKdsg0aKhDyXTh2ouZC3bDME00NIvnkC6fc5C77U8aT2WbqU1NW4KCkuYG74ZkpAoQuvYf2YbqsHAZA57CyjgA/s1600/&+Black+History+Heroes+Book+Club.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="62" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7DcMSokBWSCV_5HpW5esfkyfa4EDwVGzjdzapwOWQ90hWBM45u3lttSKdsg0aKhDyXTh2ouZC3bDME00NIvnkC6fc5C77U8aT2WbqU1NW4KCkuYG74ZkpAoQuvYf2YbqsHAZA57CyjgA/s320/&+Black+History+Heroes+Book+Club.jpg" width="320" /></a></div> <div style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"> <span style="font-size: large;">The blog's quarterly online mass social club volition live on reading in addition to discussing <i><a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1595586431/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=1595586431&linkCode=as2&tag=crosswriting-20&linkId=7QUR2TE4VH2CAIMW" target="_blank">The New Jim Crow</a></i> past times Michelle Alexander from 7/1 through 9/30/12. The finish of the BHH mass social club is to get together the blog's readers into a dialogue to a greater extent than or less a mass related to African history in addition to culture. Once yous accept read the book, post service your commentaries in addition to educate your discussions hither regarding the book.</span></div> <ul style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"></ul> <div style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"> <h1 id="watch-headline-title" style="background-color: #ebebeb; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.8333em; height: 1.1363em; line-height: 1.1363em; margin: 0px 0px 5px; max-height: 1.1363em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"> <span class="" dir="ltr" id="eow-title" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; font-size: 21px; font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" title=" Book Club"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/artist/Angela_Davis?feature=watch_video_title" id="watch-headline-show-title" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; color: #1c62b9; cursor: pointer; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Angela Davis</a> discusses Prison Industrial Complex</span></h1> <div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <br /> <object height="315" width="420"><param name="movie" value="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/v/Yh8ZrGhzJIM?version=3&hl=en_US"></param> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param> <param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param> <embed src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/v/Yh8ZrGhzJIM?version=3&hl=en_US" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="420" height="315" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></div> <div> <span class="" dir="ltr" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; font-size: 21px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" title=" Book Club"><br /> </span></div> </div> <div style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"> <br /></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> </div> </div> </div>

Mass Club

Welcome to the Book Club! THIS QUARTER'S BOOK TITLE: The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration inwards the Age of Coloredblindness AUTHOR: Michelle Alexander READING AND DISCUSSION PERIOD: …

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Emperor Menelik 2 In Addition To Ethiopia's Majestic Succession

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVRCjjF3Mw3aGmLV1cOltce0jmc-B-lBmz0Xn9NlTZC2S79XS3uh-8q5PxoRVApiJ4ISNP6Ey63c4hrO24H0R24FuhksCjT_8hNZLwNgI02VWcEYYFL0g6ISjHSYOgh0CvGiEpxKCtTJA/s1600/%2526+emperor+menelik+ii.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVRCjjF3Mw3aGmLV1cOltce0jmc-B-lBmz0Xn9NlTZC2S79XS3uh-8q5PxoRVApiJ4ISNP6Ey63c4hrO24H0R24FuhksCjT_8hNZLwNgI02VWcEYYFL0g6ISjHSYOgh0CvGiEpxKCtTJA/s320/%2526+emperor+menelik+ii.jpg" width="262" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photo of  Negus (King) Emperor Menelik II of Ethiopia </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="text-align: justify;"> In 1844, Menelik II, the boy of King (Negus) Haile Melekot, was born inwards Ankober, Ethiopia. When King Melekot died inwards 1855, Menelik II was imprisoned at Magdala past times Emperor Tewodros II, a noble who usurped the Imperial throne of Shewa. The majestic menage unit of measurement of the Shewa part throne traces its lineage to the union of King Solomon of ancient State of Israel too Queen of <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=queen-of-sheba" target="_blank">Sheba of Abyssinia</a>, which goes dorsum into the history of the Kush too Nubia ancient majestic kingdoms. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 immature Menelik II would eventually escape his Magdala capture too supply to the part of his manlike individual bring upward inwards Shewa where he claimed championship to its Imperial throne. </div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Emperor Menelik II was a federalist that believed that the part would live strongest nether a consolidated primal Imperial crown at Addis Ababa (aka Addis Abeba or "new flower"), a location that would live chosen inwards 1886 past times his Empress Taytu Betul, a city-state similar London too Washington D.C. Menelik II's leadership efforts focused on consolidating the Ethiopian empire nether majestic patriarchal Imperial rule. During his reign, the British had heavily armed Emperor Yohannes IV (aka King John of Abyssinia) against Emperor Tewodros II. In 1863, Emperor Tewodros II reportedly committed suicide afterwards beingness defeated past times the British at Magdala.<br /> <br /> By 1880, Menelik II was signing a treaty amongst the Italians inwards the Wollo province at Wuchale, acknowledging the institution of the Italian colony of Eritrea too its upper-case missive of the alphabet at Asmara. Eritrea is inwards the northern Tigrean region. As a result, this treaty signing weakened the dominion of Ras Mengasha, the boy of the belatedly Emperor Yohannes IV, over the region. When Menelik II signed the treaty amongst the Italians, he did non know that the Amharic version was unlike than the Italian version (Uccialli), a mutual trickery used past times many European colonialist against native populations. When Menelik II discovered the deception, he denounced the Italian treaty. Italy declared state of war against Menelik II too invaded Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia from Asmara.<br /> <br /> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQQX6EOSL26t9l60DCRX5y6kDpHPTu60S6q8fFPn9XSrAfzhsgcFGnNJjaQfIi2g6jphgK-z972JX-fd1vdBK_EUS3u5P29SF3Ew7bn1TACi7mBMY2YoKoF6iE6tqfqEJE-sZMR00LF0o/s1600/ethiopia-map.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="264" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQQX6EOSL26t9l60DCRX5y6kDpHPTu60S6q8fFPn9XSrAfzhsgcFGnNJjaQfIi2g6jphgK-z972JX-fd1vdBK_EUS3u5P29SF3Ew7bn1TACi7mBMY2YoKoF6iE6tqfqEJE-sZMR00LF0o/s320/ethiopia-map.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Map of Ethiopia</td></tr> </tbody></table> <br /> Menelik II defeated the Italians at Amba-Alagi too Mekele. On March 1, 1896, Menelik II inflicted a decisive blow against Italian soldiers at the Battle of Adwa, forcing Italia to recognize Ethiopia's national sovereignty. Ras Mengesha was able to eventually secure Emperor Menelik II's recognition of his seat equally Prince of Tigray (aka Tigrai). Ras Mengesha had supported Menelik II's efforts to defeat the Italian invasion inwards 1896 inwards the Battle of Adwa. Menelik, however, refused to crown Ras Mengesha equally King of Zion, which led to his rebellion against Menelik. In 1898, Menelik II defeated a rebellion past times Ras Mangasha, farther consolidating Imperial ascendence over Ethiopia, unifying the Ethiopian highlands. Ras Mengesha was defeated too placed nether line of piece of job solid arrest until his death. Menelik besides signed agreements amongst the French settling the limits of French establishments on the somali coast too at Jibuti (Djibouti). </div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <b>LIJ IYASU AND ISSUES OF SUCCESSION </b><br /> <b><br /></b><br /> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeqMQEMOi5JmRzGcDUsVzsuN0Wa5x4jSlowFEg5_09qOr_ZXa50BgWnmGrvWH-I2Rd-kieivfg3mZm07T2Syt6dp-lJSRRZ6FoYxBZkVZ1AhJmzegMXbOjRDhl3DG2GRYz7veTTn7QNB4/s1600/%2526+Photo+Lijj+Iyasu.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeqMQEMOi5JmRzGcDUsVzsuN0Wa5x4jSlowFEg5_09qOr_ZXa50BgWnmGrvWH-I2Rd-kieivfg3mZm07T2Syt6dp-lJSRRZ6FoYxBZkVZ1AhJmzegMXbOjRDhl3DG2GRYz7veTTn7QNB4/s320/%2526+Photo+Lijj+Iyasu.jpg" width="206" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photo of Lil Iyasu on Equus caballus mounted left.</td></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="text-align: justify;"> In 1883, Menelik II consolidated his ability farther through spousal human relationship to Empress Taytu Betul, an influential noblewoman of Imperial lineage whose uncle ruled Tigrai too much of northern Ethiopia. While Menelik II would accept no children amongst Taytu, he did accept ii daughters, hence Princesses Zewditu too Shoaregga, too a boy who died equally a child, Prince Wossen Seged. In May 1909, Lij Iyasu (aka Lij Yasu), Menelik II's grandson past times his missy Shoaregga, was married to Romanework Mangasha, the missy of Ras Mengasha too niece of his married adult woman Empress Taytu. Lij Iyasu was xiii years one-time at the fourth dimension of this political marriage. </div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;">  In March 1910, afterwards Negus Menelik II became ill, the Imperial Crown Council of Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia was formed, headed past times Fitawrari Habtegiorgis Dinagde. Lij Iyasu was designated past times Menelik II equally his patriarchal Imperial successor. Lij Iyasu's allegiance to the Islamist, however, precipitated a domestic crisis inwards Ethiopia. Iyasu had aligned himself amongst Ethiopia's traditional enemies, the Somalis too the Gallas, too converted to Islam -- proclaiming that Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia would bring together the Turks' Holy War nether his leadership. </div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> On Dec 12, 1913, Emperor Menelik II died too was buried at the Baeta Le Mariam Monastery Church of Addis Ababa. Lij Iyasu was excommunicated past times Marrheos X, Abuna of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, who feared that he mightiness plough Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia into a Muslim state. The Shewa nobility was non content amongst what has been described equally Lil Iyasu's colorful lifestyle, including taking several Muslim wives. He besides exiled Princess Zewditu Menelik too her hubby to the countryside, equally a threat to his rule. </div> <br /> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFkRq6mRUssu-S1_LK69dEm9d-AxaMp-8x8W79I6MNTJfCt7i1yTWDBYWbFp-s-lIkMkm96cWlL5zyg9-C3661lf8TundGa4cJVXUnl66kosYwFUgVaxKoimj-Y-bu_OtJDmV6WQeSHjw/s1600/%2526+Photo+of+Negus+Zaudita+Queen+of+Kings+in+her+own+right.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFkRq6mRUssu-S1_LK69dEm9d-AxaMp-8x8W79I6MNTJfCt7i1yTWDBYWbFp-s-lIkMkm96cWlL5zyg9-C3661lf8TundGa4cJVXUnl66kosYwFUgVaxKoimj-Y-bu_OtJDmV6WQeSHjw/s200/%2526+Photo+of+Negus+Zaudita+Queen+of+Kings+in+her+own+right.jpg" width="158" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photo of Nigiste Negaste Empress <br /> Zewditu of Ethiopia</td></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Iyasu ruled for most 3 years but was never officially crowned. He was deposed inwards 1917 past times the Imperial Crown Council too his majestic cousin Ras Tafari Makonnen, the futurity Emperor Haile Selassie through the Imperial matriarchal lineage, was elevated equally regent. Menelik II's missy Zewditu Menelik, was crowned Nigiste Negast (Queen of Kings) too reigned equally Empress from 1917 to 1930 past times the ancient Abyssinian-Kushitic code of the Fetha Negast (Law of the Kings), equally discerned past times the Imperial Crown Council of Ethiopia.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Ras Tafari was made heir apparent to Empress Zewditu. Lij Iyasu was placed nether line of piece of job solid arrest inwards Sellale. To the destination of her life, Empress Zewditu referred to her deposed nephew equally "Getaye (my lord master) Iyasu". None of Zewditu's children survived to adulthood too the facts surrounding her decease inwards 1930 has ever left enquiry of whether it was past times natural cause. </div> <br /> <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <b><br /></b><object height="480" width="540"><param name="movie" value="http://pf.kizoa.com/sflite.swf?did=2405870&k=S137410887&hk=1&ns=1&ob=1&origin=share"> </param> <param name="wmode" value="transparent"> </param> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"> </param> <embed src="http://pf.kizoa.com/sflite.swf?did=2405870&k=S137410887&hk=1&ns=1&ob=1&origin=share" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" wmode="transparent" width="540" height="480" allowFullScreen="true"></embed></object></div> </div>

Emperor Menelik 2 In Addition To Ethiopia's Majestic Succession

Photo of  Negus (King) Emperor Menelik II of Ethiopia  In 1844, Menelik II, the boy of King (Negus) Haile Melekot, was born inwards Ankober, Ethiopia. When King Melekot died inwards 1855, Menelik…

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Things You Lot Should Know Close The Nile River

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <br /> <div> <div style="text-align: -webkit-auto;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKEI45KgLsGSBq-kOzzrOTNRrzxluCXuND19294-8mDaDzXuKfXul-HnkKYM4x3wlbzLW-Ltbiea63D4yeRd2rvRn6Wz2ySdTmLyqMHO3cJ040zNeKHWRJ_Pok2gFvvCUITjbrqI5OVhg/s1600/Iteru+NILE.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKEI45KgLsGSBq-kOzzrOTNRrzxluCXuND19294-8mDaDzXuKfXul-HnkKYM4x3wlbzLW-Ltbiea63D4yeRd2rvRn6Wz2ySdTmLyqMHO3cJ040zNeKHWRJ_Pok2gFvvCUITjbrqI5OVhg/s1600/Iteru+NILE.png" /></a></div> <div> <span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The give-and-take "Nile" is a Greek give-and-take for river valley. In the ancient <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=queen-tiye" target="_blank">Kemet language</a>, the linguistic communication of the master copy people of the percentage straightaway called Egypt, the river was called Ḥ'pī or iteru, important "great river" as well as was represented yesteryear the hieroglyphs shown at left, which literally agency 'itrw' or 'waters' determinative.</span></div> <div> <span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></div> </div> <div> <span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The Nile is i of the most densely populated areas on the confront of earth amongst to a greater extent than than 370 1000000 people depending on its water. The Nile River inward East Africa is to a greater extent than than 5 miles broad as well as 4,175 miles long as well as is idea to survive nearly xxx 1000000 years old.  The waterway straightaway runs through Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=queen-tiye" target="_blank">Ethiopia</a>, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania as well as Uganda. </span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></div> <object height="315" width="560"><param name="movie" value="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/v/8qV-6d_5dbo?version=3&hl=en_US"> </param> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"> </param> <param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"> </param> <embed src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/v/8qV-6d_5dbo?version=3&hl=en_US" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="560" height="315" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object> <br /> <div> <span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></div> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3gjpyFw7jWO_jyFuasM9kTCH-mouDcma5hrT7T0RWuwxgWtqNRfNyQfEIBvlBz-MW7xu0f2FPI0fRWE-jRcTKGgFzxuZtqiWuRTQ5-84ozIRjcYarqJmM8qNaz87nsfrXNOqTaWo8qBo/s1600/Map+of+Blue+and+White+Nile.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3gjpyFw7jWO_jyFuasM9kTCH-mouDcma5hrT7T0RWuwxgWtqNRfNyQfEIBvlBz-MW7xu0f2FPI0fRWE-jRcTKGgFzxuZtqiWuRTQ5-84ozIRjcYarqJmM8qNaz87nsfrXNOqTaWo8qBo/s320/Map+of+Blue+and+White+Nile.png" width="280" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Map of Nile</td></tr> </tbody></table> <div> <span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The Nile River flows away from the equator, from due south to north. </span><span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">In the West, Lake Victoria was historically idea to survive the source of the Nile. This was based on the 1864 expedition records of Englishman John Henry Speak. It was afterwards discovered that the source of the Nile lies farther South, inside the forests of Rwanda. It has too been asserted that the Atbarah River, located inward the eastern constituent of Sudan, is the master copy source of the Nile -- its final tributary earlier it reaches the Mediterranean Sea.<br /><br />The Nile has ii large tributaries: the White Nile as well as Blue Nile. The White Nile is longer than the Blue Nile. It is located due south of Lake Victoria as well as derives its cite from its lite greyness coloring that comes from its sediment deposits. The White Nile is dependent area to wild fluctuations as well as raises upwardly to xx feet at its highest point. Historical patterns get got been that May is the ascent of the river as well as around Oct the river falls. Ancient Kemet people captured all the H2O they needed from its overflow for each year's annual crops.<br /><br /> The Blue Nile has its origins at Ethiopia's Lake Tana. Out of Lake Tana, the Blue Nile flows southeast into the Sudan where it meets in i lawsuit to a greater extent than amongst the White Nile close Khartoum, Sudan. The Blue Nile provides nearly two-thirds of the Nile River's water. It derives its cite from the night blueish coloring that it takes on equally it moves through the Sudan.<br /><br /> <object height="315" width="560"><param name="movie" value="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/v/Ia7c5nXiv5k?version=3&hl=en_US"> </param> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"> </param> <param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"> </param> <embed src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/v/Ia7c5nXiv5k?version=3&hl=en_US" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="560" height="315" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object> </span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span> <span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">After the Nile exists Lake Victoria it is called the Victoria Nile. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 monument marks where it rises exterior of Jinja, Uganda. The river flows into Lake Albert reverse the Blue Mountains inward the Democratic Republic of the Congo. When the Nile exits through Lake Albert it becomes the Albert Nile.</span><br /> <span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span> <span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The Nile River connects the countries it runs through geopolitically. This is due to national involvement inward controlling H2O purpose through dam systems. </span><span style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The most dominant national actors inward Nile H2O command are Arab Republic of Egypt as well as Sudan. Arab Republic of Egypt has historically been the biggest musician inward blocking the catamenia of the Nile into neighboring countries. The Nile River Basin alone makes upwardly v pct of Egypt's province mass, simply ninety-five pct of the population lives along the Nile.</span></div> </div> </div> </div>

Things You Lot Should Know Close The Nile River

The give-and-take "Nile" is a Greek give-and-take for river valley. In the ancient Kemet language, the linguistic communication of the master copy people of the percentage straightaway called …

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A Poesy Form For Trayvon Martin

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWF_tcirHzMsNan1Yv3ddlv-DXYB79ta1uNE8NcPdkRV6rHD8f2o1_8TsYHJFrgf47k6BkdJvXZL46mhGiZnzLdocqSSi3UYjTPp07b5hkYypk_plxmlnrl14_ncxvhEAxNrQoX6h3zC8/s1600/Trayvon+Martin+A+Hoodie+Poem.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWF_tcirHzMsNan1Yv3ddlv-DXYB79ta1uNE8NcPdkRV6rHD8f2o1_8TsYHJFrgf47k6BkdJvXZL46mhGiZnzLdocqSSi3UYjTPp07b5hkYypk_plxmlnrl14_ncxvhEAxNrQoX6h3zC8/s640/Trayvon+Martin+A+Hoodie+Poem.gif" width="458" /></a></div> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4vw1d8feZYU-YsMjYFgZS6hpUMqLWDqkA5WISOR4mLCFt6QDOiD7S_f0WekqkPDkaOnsiCyRbPhq3etsTXzWNGKnQGmI47T1t2HtnrkgiCYm4XmUAqs-vZIvS28QWQoaDtcq7rUEWyTE/s1600/trayvon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4vw1d8feZYU-YsMjYFgZS6hpUMqLWDqkA5WISOR4mLCFt6QDOiD7S_f0WekqkPDkaOnsiCyRbPhq3etsTXzWNGKnQGmI47T1t2HtnrkgiCYm4XmUAqs-vZIvS28QWQoaDtcq7rUEWyTE/s320/trayvon.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photo: populace march for Trayvon Martin inwards San Francisco, California. The Commons.</td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <br /></div>

A Poesy Form For Trayvon Martin

Photo: populace march for Trayvon Martin inwards San Francisco, California. The Commons. …

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Ancient Egypt Remembered Inward Photographs | Excursions Along The Nile

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /> </div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihkF33QxXApUTQvOW-_Zyxuz8_zdePo4L9H4xIInCdrh3WZ4TxLJkgLfjIFkvq80sj6aPep-EsMVCsqy-U-t5upN40QWWrRQp3ZgdCcS-GT6n1wTJYzgEqVLqMsSFrB07CAhiZP6z9gOU/s1600/Cairo+Street+Sellers.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihkF33QxXApUTQvOW-_Zyxuz8_zdePo4L9H4xIInCdrh3WZ4TxLJkgLfjIFkvq80sj6aPep-EsMVCsqy-U-t5upN40QWWrRQp3ZgdCcS-GT6n1wTJYzgEqVLqMsSFrB07CAhiZP6z9gOU/s640/Cairo+Street+Sellers.jpg" width="486" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Photo: Street vendors, Cairo, Arab Republic of Egypt 1870's, albumen impress from drinking glass negative.</span></td></tr> </tbody></table><span style="font-size: small; text-align: justify;">I constitute myself at a library mass sell during the weekend of May 8, 2012, rummaging through the left behind collection of a collector of books inwards San Fernando Valley, Edgar Hermann, who late passed. First the mass sale attendant handed me a box, noticing my arms weighed alongside books. Then ii boxes...</span><span style="font-size: small; text-align: justify;">I knew it was going to last a cracking weekend for this armchair historian. </span><br /> <span style="font-size: small; text-align: justify;"><br /> </span><br /> <span style="font-size: small; text-align: justify;">At this early on review of my finds, I am most excited close acquiring the mass "Excursions Along the Nile: The Photographic Discovery of Ancient Egypt," a 1993 fine art exhibition catalog of photographs of the <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=things-you-should-know-about-nile-river?utm_medium=twitter&utm_source=twitterfeed" target="_blank">Nile</a> published yesteryear the Santa Barbara Museum of Art inwards California. The 100+ twelvemonth quondam photographs of Cairo from the exhibition catalog are astonishing. I could non aid but percentage a few of my favorites hither alongside BHH readers. </span><br /> <br /> V. Cross<br /> <br /> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0wMqu521Ga_jycQQIJU6osm7bdpsUy9BMAnHVPZ_Oyg6GnyqHGlmqLHZItuHx3EpS-SeAILkq8oDKkb7pqpIIgwg68tNLIVRSEB-yvAHVlHDEOm0ROxSdw-FCPNoRH9Z6DBwI6JJb21U/s1600/Great+Pyramid+and+Spinx+1873.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="294" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0wMqu521Ga_jycQQIJU6osm7bdpsUy9BMAnHVPZ_Oyg6GnyqHGlmqLHZItuHx3EpS-SeAILkq8oDKkb7pqpIIgwg68tNLIVRSEB-yvAHVlHDEOm0ROxSdw-FCPNoRH9Z6DBwI6JJb21U/s400/Great+Pyramid+and+Spinx+1873.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Photo: Great Pyramid in addition to Sphinx, Egypt, 1873.</span></td></tr> </tbody></table><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJONTuMtnZEs_akt_FbUs7ijJmlqEoYndwNj0LCA_Eg6iDwNJJPaRp3W9TYVfQxJrYeFEdlAkmhk_rXNhyExQcdX-bxggY5Bx9jzhSF7VTAPPuhg-qW9yt0fTFeZhj7qFYm9H0R1UrGbE/s1600/Scottish+Soldiers+Visit+Spinx+1880.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="291" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJONTuMtnZEs_akt_FbUs7ijJmlqEoYndwNj0LCA_Eg6iDwNJJPaRp3W9TYVfQxJrYeFEdlAkmhk_rXNhyExQcdX-bxggY5Bx9jzhSF7VTAPPuhg-qW9yt0fTFeZhj7qFYm9H0R1UrGbE/s400/Scottish+Soldiers+Visit+Spinx+1880.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Photo: Scottish soldiers see Sphinx inwards Egypt, 1880</span></td></tr> </tbody></table><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyw2orvRD5fZr_ADR6Py00Um6HpHDu7SVqJ6nMKbMN4a_KGfwM0ESrSjxZE9dOSmGg9YzikKdeGUtF-luODz1hVOGgRtn8oLK3e1fYEq4URCMzl_awTIB2xWgvmPxO3GPA5C9KJSb1ZdE/s1600/crocodile+on+sand+bank+1858.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="256" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyw2orvRD5fZr_ADR6Py00Um6HpHDu7SVqJ6nMKbMN4a_KGfwM0ESrSjxZE9dOSmGg9YzikKdeGUtF-luODz1hVOGgRtn8oLK3e1fYEq4URCMzl_awTIB2xWgvmPxO3GPA5C9KJSb1ZdE/s400/crocodile+on+sand+bank+1858.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Photo: Crocodile on sand banking concern of the Nile River, 1858.</span></td></tr> </tbody></table><br /> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxRwW1lfd5BJideEeoNCD7Vt9IuqElPpkWVZQVZghkD1l-Z1x5He09H83qwQUDHXMOkTtsobKjZsNiXP3rObktmFEe3Nk0sb9oy6yRs7n2aw9vnWXNKkamWjy7Uwc_OwPY4v4s74wk0sk/s1600/Mosque+at+Cairo+1857.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxRwW1lfd5BJideEeoNCD7Vt9IuqElPpkWVZQVZghkD1l-Z1x5He09H83qwQUDHXMOkTtsobKjZsNiXP3rObktmFEe3Nk0sb9oy6yRs7n2aw9vnWXNKkamWjy7Uwc_OwPY4v4s74wk0sk/s640/Mosque+at+Cairo+1857.jpg" width="508" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">Photo: Mosque at Cairo, Arab Republic of Egypt 1857, albumen impress from drinking glass negative.</td></tr> </tbody></table><br /> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5XImn0IUVKaVvg4rxFLLqeR5f39Tg80HejO585HpjzLPVtmEdN2S5Fk8LyPpaf64Ewbm3SS4CywQZTTX5a-z3Xrhyrn8MVX3XPq21aGll9cffRvCvpFr9-FfkNydi8mrjxEJe1MHhm6M/s1600/street+in+cairo+1850s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5XImn0IUVKaVvg4rxFLLqeR5f39Tg80HejO585HpjzLPVtmEdN2S5Fk8LyPpaf64Ewbm3SS4CywQZTTX5a-z3Xrhyrn8MVX3XPq21aGll9cffRvCvpFr9-FfkNydi8mrjxEJe1MHhm6M/s640/street+in+cairo+1850s.jpg" width="510" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Photo: Street inwards Cairo, Arab Republic of Egypt 1850's, tabular array salt impress from newspaper negative</span></td></tr> </tbody></table>.<br /> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjd3oksogU-90_NiQec7yhwm8R5eGtHpZY5UCKEee5jEEc4ZJsBE9NMhkt-EEg_u4tzj4ZQfiyYy8wSA3cXHOsV5pR-qe1_3clXTOwM8fsCWjN4dfT4Hks7ewxhSmhmrcRRZfBsdou_DT0/s1600/street+view+of+cairo+1858.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjd3oksogU-90_NiQec7yhwm8R5eGtHpZY5UCKEee5jEEc4ZJsBE9NMhkt-EEg_u4tzj4ZQfiyYy8wSA3cXHOsV5pR-qe1_3clXTOwM8fsCWjN4dfT4Hks7ewxhSmhmrcRRZfBsdou_DT0/s640/street+view+of+cairo+1858.jpg" width="508" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Photo: Street of the Citadel, Cairo, c. 1858, stereo albumen impress from drinking glass negative.</span></td></tr> </tbody></table><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5J5mN1cOe39ET0S1DdsdR1RsplYHjg8EYhD2f7OFWcSX11GgQEh0TmdrWo6RZUOl00O5cmeVkUcHjGsA1128vPA2M5NpzJW2iiir8suB5cewjvu8OU9wVe_VxziC7M0mTZNlmtUByl6o/s1600/Boys+swimming+in+the+Nile,+1873.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5J5mN1cOe39ET0S1DdsdR1RsplYHjg8EYhD2f7OFWcSX11GgQEh0TmdrWo6RZUOl00O5cmeVkUcHjGsA1128vPA2M5NpzJW2iiir8suB5cewjvu8OU9wVe_VxziC7M0mTZNlmtUByl6o/s640/Boys+swimming+in+the+Nile,+1873.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Photo: boys swimming inwards the Nile River, 1873, albumen impress from drinking glass negative.</span></td></tr> </tbody></table><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdp6S_F_3TIWX2x5zxQJluQz5maQCcwEej6mZagZ2Yv9MwZYKabE9ZcGz29shD10ofZz0JFMGiBAi1NpT2x43rbpeUa07l1R3b_znBmyk8rs_LTN1eZ6JjUsWzpzI0SHYxKnQt-ppRBto/s1600/Cairo+from+the+citadel+1858.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="440" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdp6S_F_3TIWX2x5zxQJluQz5maQCcwEej6mZagZ2Yv9MwZYKabE9ZcGz29shD10ofZz0JFMGiBAi1NpT2x43rbpeUa07l1R3b_znBmyk8rs_LTN1eZ6JjUsWzpzI0SHYxKnQt-ppRBto/s640/Cairo+from+the+citadel+1858.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px;">Photo: Cairo, Arab Republic of Egypt from the Citadel, 1858.</td></tr> </tbody></table><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyJLDC3oy7twjGFIpsbfYwYBnpmLKbHGlKkAYywC4U-350Pp5Po_W10ssn-7pZb6-2Bi7vxxqOLnmmMGEY8Tmeze5XGVhn4PxrxHb2vFGr7HfHwXub68Pchr9ZRv0bR1dnNYXnG58vPRo/s1600/view+from+summit+of+mount+serbal+looking+northeast+1868.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="393" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyJLDC3oy7twjGFIpsbfYwYBnpmLKbHGlKkAYywC4U-350Pp5Po_W10ssn-7pZb6-2Bi7vxxqOLnmmMGEY8Tmeze5XGVhn4PxrxHb2vFGr7HfHwXub68Pchr9ZRv0bR1dnNYXnG58vPRo/s640/view+from+summit+of+mount+serbal+looking+northeast+1868.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Photo: sentiment from the Summit of Mount Serbal, Arab Republic of Egypt looking northeast, 1868, albumen impress from drinking glass negative.</span><br /> <br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCKiCZ30LylvQ2zEZMiD-Yl6RE2_mEWsfjuQlb4PwEsSseEikE3fsw8VApHhaiq3ytQ8SIDYDwdMsacFZTuQnXDvZzbil4TSE_UdFm_4-lw0JywRmxFuciF-YMDXc6OoT47P45sGCdD84/s1600/Map+of+Blue+and+White+Nile.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCKiCZ30LylvQ2zEZMiD-Yl6RE2_mEWsfjuQlb4PwEsSseEikE3fsw8VApHhaiq3ytQ8SIDYDwdMsacFZTuQnXDvZzbil4TSE_UdFm_4-lw0JywRmxFuciF-YMDXc6OoT47P45sGCdD84/s400/Map+of+Blue+and+White+Nile.PNG" width="350" /></a></div></td></tr> </tbody></table></div>

Ancient Egypt Remembered Inward Photographs | Excursions Along The Nile

Photo: Street vendors, Cairo, Arab Republic of Egypt 1870's, albumen impress from drinking glass negative. I constitute myself at a library mass sell during the weekend of May 8, 2012, rummaging th…

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David Walker's Appeal: The Historical Document Of 1829

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDbHUeM4jccFOooVQTjg5_IkEjhkAvJena8h4_G1H1JElPZpCifrRRC9_2kGdemcXHKbqAWegWIn1iWS6u57rJaGdeWu1ZY4AXi-OgKOEhyCWeyQgoIWMWd4SXqi95246fNKycFdNV2NU/s1600/Photo+David+Walker's+Appeal+Pan+African.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDbHUeM4jccFOooVQTjg5_IkEjhkAvJena8h4_G1H1JElPZpCifrRRC9_2kGdemcXHKbqAWegWIn1iWS6u57rJaGdeWu1ZY4AXi-OgKOEhyCWeyQgoIWMWd4SXqi95246fNKycFdNV2NU/s320/Photo+David+Walker's+Appeal+Pan+African.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: -webkit-auto;">Published inward Septem</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: -webkit-auto;">ber 1829, David Walker's </span><i style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: -webkit-auto;">Appeal </i><span style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: -webkit-auto;">is </span></span></div></div></div><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: -webkit-auto;"></span></span><br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: -webkit-auto;"><span style="color: #330000;">cited with Pan African scholars every bit the most</span><span style="color: #330000;"> exacting</span></span></span></div></div></div><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: -webkit-auto;"></span></span><br /> <div style="color: #330000; text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: white; text-align: -webkit-auto;">anti-slavery document of its time.</span></span></div></div></div></td></tr> </tbody></table><div style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: -webkit-auto;">Excerpts from David Walker's </span><i style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: -webkit-auto;">Appeal</i><span style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: -webkit-auto;"> </span></span></b></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: -webkit-auto;"><br /> <i>My dearly love Brethren too Fellow Citizens.</i></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: -webkit-auto;"><br /> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">Having travelled over a considerable part of these United States, too having, inward the course of report of my travels, taken the most accurate observations of things every bit they be -- the final result of my observations has warranted the total too unshaken conviction, that we, (coloured people of these United States,) are the most degraded, wretched, too abject laid of beings that ever lived since the world began; too I pray God that none similar us ever may alive in i trial again until fourth dimension shall go no more. They tell us of the Israelites inward Egypt, the Helots inward Sparta, too of the Roman Slaves, which finally were made upwardly from virtually every state nether heaven, whose sufferings nether those ancient too infidel nations, were, inward comparing with ours, nether this enlightened too Christian nation, no to a greater extent than than a cypher -- or, inward other words, those infidel nations of antiquity, had but petty to a greater extent than with them than the hollo too shape of slavery; spell wretchedness too endless miseries were reserved, manifestly inward a phial, to go poured out upon, our fathers ourselves too our children, by <i>Christian</i> Americans! </div><div style="text-align: justify;">...</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: -webkit-auto;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">... I telephone telephone upon the professing Christians, I telephone telephone upon the philanthropist, I telephone telephone upon the real tyrant himself, to demo me a page of history, either sacred or profane, on which a poesy tin flame go found, which maintains, that the Egyptians heaped the <i>insupportable insult</i> upon the children of Israel, past times telling them that they were non of the <i>human family</i>. Can the whites deny this charge? Have they not, afterward having reduced us to the distressing status of slaves nether their feet, held us upwardly every bit descending originally from the tribes of <i>Monkeys</i> or <i>Orang-Outangs</i>? O! my God! I appeal to every human being of feeling-is non this insupportable? Is it non heaping the most gross insult upon our miseries, because they have got got us nether their feet too nosotros cannot assist ourselves? Oh! compassion us nosotros pray thee, Lord Jesus, Master. -- Has Mr. Jefferson declared to the world, that nosotros are inferior to the whites, both inward the endowments of our bodies too our minds? It is indeed surprising, that a human being of such slap-up learning, combined with such first-class natural parts, should verbalize so of a laid of men inward chains. I make non know what to compare it to, unless, similar putting i wild deer inward an Fe cage, where it volition go secured, too concord some other past times the side of the same, too so allow it go, too hold back the i inward the cage to run every bit fast every bit the i at liberty. So far, my brethren, were the Egyptians from heaping these insults upon their slaves, that Pharaoh's miss took Moses, a boy of State of Israel for her own, every bit volition look past times the following. </div><div style="text-align: justify;">...</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">The world knows, that slavery every bit it existed was, mans, (which was the primary displace of their destruction) was, comparatively speaking, no to a greater extent than than a <i>cypher</i>, when compared with ours nether the Americans. Indeed I should non have got noticed the Roman slaves, had non the real learned too penetrating Mr. Jefferson said, "when a master copy was murdered, all his slaves inward the same house, or inside hearing, were condemned to death." -- Here allow me enquire Mr. Jefferson, (but he is gone to respond at the bar of God, for the deeds done inward his torso spell living,) I hence enquire the whole American people, had I non rather die, or go lay to death, than to go a slave to whatsoever tyrant, who takes non only my own, but my married adult woman too children's lives past times the inches? Yea, would I encounter expiry with avidity far! far!! inward preference to such <i>servile submission</i> to the murderous hands of tyrants. Mr. Jefferson's real severe remarks on us have got been so extensively argued upon past times men whose attainments inward literature, I shall never go able to reach, that I would non have got meddled with it, were it non to solicit each of my brethren, who has the spirit of a man, to purchase a re-create of Mr. Jefferson's "Notes on Virginia," too lay it inward the mitt of his son. </div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">...</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">But allow us review Mr. Jefferson's remarks respecting us some further. Comparing our piteous fathers, with the learned philosophers of Greece, he says: "Yet notwithstanding these too other discouraging circumstances with the Romans, their slaves were oftentimes their rarest artists. They excelled too, inward science, insomuch every bit to go unremarkably employed every bit tutors to their master's children; Epictetus, Terence too Phaedrus, were slaves, -- but they were of the race of whites. It is non their <i>condition</i> then, but <i>nature</i>, which has produced the distinction." See this, my brethren! ! Do yous believe that this assertion is swallowed past times millions of the whites? Do yous know that Mr. Jefferson was i of every bit slap-up characters every bit ever lived with the whites? See his writings for the world, too populace labours for the the States of America. Do yous believe that the assertions of such a man, volition go past times away into oblivion unobserved past times this people too the world? If yous make yous are much mistaken-See how the American people process us -- have got nosotros souls inward our bodies? Are nosotros men who have got whatsoever spirits at all? I know that at that spot are many <i>swell-bellied</i> fellows with us, whose greatest object is to fill upwardly their stomachs. Such I make non hateful -- I am afterward those who know too feel, that nosotros are MEN, every bit good every bit other people; to them, I say, that unless nosotros endeavour to refute Mr. Jefferson's arguments respecting us, nosotros volition only flora them. </div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">...</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">...I must notice to my brethren that at the unopen of the commencement Revolution inward this country, with Great Britain, at that spot were but xiii States inward the Union, right away at that spot are twenty-four, most of which are slave-holding States, too the whites are dragging us but about inward chains too inward handcuffs, to their novel States too Territories to piece of employment their mines too farms, to enrich them too their children-and millions of them believing firmly that nosotros beingness a petty darker than they, were made past times our Creator to go an inheritance to them too their children for ever-the same every bit a parcel of <i>brutes</i>.</div><span style="color: #330000;"></span><br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #330000;">Are nosotros MEN! ! -- I enquire you, O my brethren I are nosotros MEN? Did our Creator construct us to go slaves to dust too ashes similar ourselves? Are they non dying worms every bit good every bit we? Have they non to construct their appearance earlier the court of Heaven, to respond for the deeds done inward the body, every bit good every bit we? Have nosotros whatsoever other Master but Jesus Christ alone? Is he non their Master every bit good every bit ours? -- What correct then, have got nosotros to obey too telephone telephone whatsoever other Master, but Himself? How nosotros could go so <i>submissive</i> to a gang of men, whom nosotros cannot tell whether they are every bit skilful every bit ourselves or not, I never could conceive. However, this is unopen upwardly with the Lord, too nosotros cannot exactly tell -- but I declare, nosotros approximate men past times their works.</span></div><span style="color: #330000;"></span><br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #330000;">The whites have got e'er been an unjust, jealous, unmerciful, avaricious too blood-thirsty laid of beings, e'er seeking afterward ability too authority. </span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">...</div><span style="color: #330000;"></span><br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #330000;">...to my no ordinary astonishment, [a] Reverend gentleman got upwardly too told us (coloured people) that slaves must go obedient to their masters -- must make their duty to their masters or go whipped -- the whip was made for the backs of fools, &c. Here I time out for a moment, to give the world fourth dimension to consider what was my surprise, to listen such preaching from a government minister of my Master, whose real gospel is that of peace too non of blood too whips, every bit this pretended preacher tried to construct us believe. What the American preachers tin flame intend of us, I aver this 24-hour interval earlier my God, I have got never been able to define. They have got newspapers too monthly periodicals, which they have inward continual succession, but on the pages of which, yous volition scarcely ever disclose a paragraph respecting slavery, which is 10 1000 times to a greater extent than injurious to this province than all the other evils lay together; too which volition go the finally overthrow of its government, unless something is real rapidly done; for their loving cup is nearly full.-Perhaps they volition express joy at or construct lite of this; but I tell yous Americans! that unless yous rapidly modify your course, <i>you</i> and your <i>Country are gone! ! ! ! </i></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">...</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">If whatsoever of us see gibe to go away, go to those who have got been for many years, too are right away our greatest earthly friends too benefactors -- the English. If non so, go to our brethren, the Haytians, who, according to their word, are jump to protect too comfort us. The Americans say, that nosotros are ungrateful-but I enquire them for heaven's sake, what should nosotros go grateful to them for -- for murdering our fathers too mothers ? -- Or make they wishing us to supply thank yous to them for chaining too handcuffing us, branding us, cramming burn downwards down our throats, or for keeping us inward slavery, too beating us nearly or quite to expiry to construct us piece of employment inward ignorance too miseries, to back upwardly them too their families. They sure enough intend that nosotros are a gang of fools. Those with them, who have got volunteered their services for our redemption, though nosotros are unable to compensate them for their labours, nosotros yet give thank yous them from the bottom of our hearts, too have got our eyes steadfastly fixed upon them, too their labours of love for God too man. -- But make slave-holders intend that nosotros give thank yous them for keeping us inward miseries, too taking our lives past times the inches? </div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">...</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">Let no human being of us budge i step, too allow slave-holders come upwardly to trounce us from our country. America is to a greater extent than our country, than it is the whites-we have got enriched it with our <i>blood too tears</i>. The greatest riches inward all America have got arisen from our blood too tears: -- too volition they drive us from our belongings too homes, which nosotros have got earned with our <i>blood</i>? They must expression abrupt or this real matter volition convey swift devastation upon them. The Americans have got got so fatty on our blood too groans, that they have got virtually forgotten the God of armies. But allow the go on. </div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">...</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">Do the colonizationists intend to post us off without commencement beingness reconciled to us? Do they intend to packet us upwardly similar brutes too post us off, every bit they did our brethren of the State of Ohio? Have they non to go reconciled to us, or reconcile us to them, for the cruelties with which they have got afflicted our fathers too us? Methinks colonizationists intend they have got a laid of brutes to bargain with, sure enough. Do they intend to drive us from our province too homes, afterward having enriched it with our blood too tears, too maintain dorsum millions of our dear brethren, sunk inward the most fell wretchedness, to dig upwardly gilt too argent for them too their children? Surely, the Americans must intend that nosotros are brutes, every bit some of them have got represented us to be. They intend that nosotros make non experience for our brethren, whom they are murdering past times the inches, but they are dreadfully deceived. </div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">...</div><span style="color: #330000;"></span><br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #330000;">What state nether heaven, volition go able to make whatsoever matter with us, unless God gives us upwardly into its hand? But Americans. I declare to you, spell yous maintain us too our children inward bondage, too process us similar brutes, to construct us back upwardly yous too your families, nosotros cannot go your friends. You make non expression for it make you? Treat us too so similar men, too nosotros volition go your friends. And at that spot is non a incertitude inward my mind, but that the whole of the past times volition go sunk into oblivion, too nosotros yet, nether God, volition acquire a united too happy people. The whites may tell it is impossible, but hollo back that nix is impossible with God. </span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">...</div><span style="color: #330000;"></span><br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #330000;">I count my life non dear unto me, but I am ready to go offered at whatsoever moment, For what is the operate of living, when inward fact I am dead. But remember, Americans, that every bit miserable, wretched, degraded too abject every bit yous have got made us inward preceding, too inward this generation, to back upwardly yous too your families, that some of you, (whites) on the continent of America, volition yet curse the 24-hour interval that yous ever were born. You desire slaves, too desire us for your slaves ! ! ! My color volition yet, root some of yous out of the real human face upwardly of the world ! ! ! ! ! ! You may incertitude it if yous please. I know that thousands volition doubt-they intend they have got us so good secured inward wretchedness, to them too their children, that it is impossible for such things to occur. </span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #330000; text-align: justify;">...</div><span style="color: #330000;"></span><br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #330000;">See your Declaration Americans! ! ! Do yous sympathise your ain language? Hear your languages, proclaimed to the world, July 4th, 1776 -- "We concord these truths to go self evident -- that ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL! ! that they <i>are endowed past times their Creator with sure unalienable rights;</i> that with these are life, <i>liberty</i>, too the pursuit of happiness! !" Compare your ain linguistic communication above, extracted from your Declaration of Independence, with your cruelties too murders inflicted past times your cruel too unmerciful fathers too yourselves on our fathers too on us -- men who have got never given your fathers or yous the to the lowest degree provocation! ! ! ! ! ! </span></div></div>

David Walker's Appeal: The Historical Document Of 1829

Published inward September 1829, David Walker's Appeal is  cited with Pan African scholars every bit the most exacting anti-slavery document of its time. Excerpts from David Walker's Appeal  My dear…

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Hannibal Barca Of Carthage, Northward Africa

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <br /> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUb2pALwx7dCumcfg5hOEhahXEUC-uwzjy0penew-9QbxXlEFGbVNeR97-hHNW1JSTa1f7HKxYZQDvMZ7_LKg0XOCKlHYsOJjDfAB98NvfJn5ztJfkUE4G7povxk3iIVxqSCiaamCVECY/s1600/Hannibal.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="194" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUb2pALwx7dCumcfg5hOEhahXEUC-uwzjy0penew-9QbxXlEFGbVNeR97-hHNW1JSTa1f7HKxYZQDvMZ7_LKg0XOCKlHYsOJjDfAB98NvfJn5ztJfkUE4G7povxk3iIVxqSCiaamCVECY/s400/Hannibal.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image: Coin bearing the icon of Hannibal as well as his famed battalion of elephants.</td></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="text-align: justify;"> In 247 B.C., the yr Hannibal Barca was born, the Carthage empire was about 500 years old. Known every bit 1 of the greatest strategist inwards armed services history, the battles of Hannibal would hit a turning betoken inwards the history of the continent that would live called <a href="http://suite101.com/article/medieval-warfare-between-ghana-and-mali-empires-a188811" target="_blank">Africa</a>.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Carthage had been settled past times Phoenicians every bit a city-state in North Africa close the electrical current Tunis. In his 1961 work, French Historian Gabriel Audisio comments that he considered "Hannibal to live neither a Phoenician, nor a Carthaginian, nor a Punic, but a North African... The bulk of the Punic world seems to receive got had African, indeed Negroid, ancestry." Whether described every bit Carthaginians, Phoenicians, or Punics of North Africa, according to Audisio's inquiry they were certainly a mix of aboriginal North Africans that included the native Berbers, Moors as well as other groups. </div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /> The Phoenicians were a Semitic linguistic communication people. English writers as well as speakers can give thank yous the Phoenicians for the electrical current English phonic system. The English Alphabets were borrowed from the Phoenician script. Their cultural influence was wide throughout the Mediterranean Sea nations. They were known every bit skilled body of body of water merchant traders. They ruled inwards pre-Roman as well as pre-historic Iberia (currently Kingdom of Spain as well as Portugal nations on the Iberian Peninsula), until losing against Rome in the Third Punic War. The metropolis of Carthage was destroyed past times the Romans inwards 146 BC. </div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> There is no painting of Hannibal inwards beingness today. The money higher upward is oftentimes presented past times commentators every bit a representation of Hannibal as well as his legacy of tamed elephants. While this author was non able to detect an academic source for this money to confirm its appointment -- which was to a greater extent than than 2,000 years ago. The beingness of such coinage during some betoken during our mutual historic catamenia is no surprise inwards low-cal of Hannibal's historical legacy.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> What nosotros make receive got are descriptions of Hannibal past times commentators of his time. According to the Roman historian Levy of the commencement century of our era, Hannibal was "fearless, utterly prudent inwards danger, indefatigable, able to suffer oestrus as well as cold, controlled inwards eating habits, unpretentious inwards dress, willing to slumber wrapped inwards armed services cloak, a superb passenger as well as horseman." He was the son of the Carthage full general Hamilcar Barca. There is no noesis of his mother inwards the history records, non fifty-fifty her name. He had 2 brothers: Hasdrubal resided inwards Kingdom of Spain as well as Maharbal was captain of Hannibal's calvary.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Carthage as well as Rome were at state of war during the First Punic War (264-241 B.C.). Both empires were seeking supremacy over the Mediterranean. Hannibal's father, Hamilcar Barca, full general of the Carthaginian mercenaries, was infuriated almost the western Mediterranean losses of Sicily as well as Sardinia. When Hannibal was 17 years old, however, his manly mortal nurture was killed inwards an ambush inwards Spain, <span style="text-align: left;">which was primarily nether the dominion of the North African empire.</span> Hannibal would boy stride fully into his armed services career.</div> <br /> <br /> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-RkgJI4YoPLZkNzYvjDguB_u-JFyEwBflPf7SB8oMZbuoUYlRwKES2egEvjs67cF6tVTL8tqcbofh5YLH0XWLq5AiNIa8qYy3iK-Eus7WSq9XSVpnOKkkzd7wDW07l6WbJWPdWJ-i0hA/s1600/Photo+of+Carthage+and+Rome+Map.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="321" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-RkgJI4YoPLZkNzYvjDguB_u-JFyEwBflPf7SB8oMZbuoUYlRwKES2egEvjs67cF6tVTL8tqcbofh5YLH0XWLq5AiNIa8qYy3iK-Eus7WSq9XSVpnOKkkzd7wDW07l6WbJWPdWJ-i0hA/s400/Photo+of+Carthage+and+Rome+Map.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Map of Carthage empire as well as Roman empire</td></tr> </tbody></table> In Oct 218 B.C., during the Second Punic War, Hannibal had arrived at the Alps. His soldiers are said to receive got stretched for to a greater extent than than viii miles at the Alps, the foothills of the Roman Empire. Hannibal's regular army of 100,000 men would trek as well as manage 1,500 miles to larn inwards at the Alps from Spain. Hannibal armies included Numidians, North Africans from an expanse roughly where People's Democratic Republic of Algeria forthwith draws its boundaries. The Numidians were known every bit main horsemen who could guide their horses amongst their knees, leaving their hands complimentary to piece of occupation swords as well as throw javelins.They had fought attacks from European tribes similar the Gauls.<br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Hannibal is said to receive got given this spoken language to the regular army of men who had survived as well as crossed the swift-flowing Rhone river:</div> <blockquote class="tr_bq"> <div style="text-align: justify;"> "Why are yous afraid?... The greater business office of our journeying is accomplished. We receive got surmounted the Pyrenees; nosotros receive got crossed the Rhone, that mighty river, inwards spite of the opposition of thousands of Gauls as well as the fury of the river itself. Now nosotros receive got the Alps inwards sight. On the other side of those mountains lies Italy.... Does anyone imagine the Alps to live anything but what they are--lofty mountains. No business office of the world reaches the sky, or is insurmountable to mankind. The Alps create as well as back upward living things. If they are passable past times a few men, they are passable to armies."</div> </blockquote> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Hannibal lost one-half of his regular army inwards the commencement 2 weeks into the Alps. Landslides were touched off past times mount tribes. Men died during mitt battle amongst tribesmen. Starvation as well as illness were also companions of the embattled lot. Polybus, a Greek historian as well as contemporary to Hannibal, described Hannibal's arrival to the Po Valley amongst almost 26,000 men. At the Po Valley, Hannibal is said to receive got made this speech:</div> <blockquote class="tr_bq"> <div style="text-align: justify;"> "Soldiers! You receive got forthwith surmounted non exclusively the ramparts of Italy, but also Rome. You are entering friendly Earth inhabited past times people who abhor the Romans every bit much every bit nosotros do. The residual of the journeying volition live smoothen as well as downhill, and, afterwards one, or at most a minute battle, yous volition receive got the citadel as well as uppercase of Italia inwards your possession."</div> </blockquote> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Commentators receive got speculated on why Hannibal spoke these words because the men were almost to confront the most hard business office of the journey. Friends did non hold off inwards the Po Valley. Here, the Roman regular army would run into the men inwards battle. In retrospect, considering how far the men had come, in that place actually was no going dorsum at this point. The Carthaginians believed that Rome was considering an invasion of Africa. Hannibal believed he had to deed through an overland develop on on Roman to salve Carthage. He would pass xv years inwards Italy, winning many battles -- such every bit the Battle of Cannae where he lost 6,000 troops to Rome's 70,000 troops.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> We know Hannibal did non succeed, but are astonished past times how closed he came to success. The minute of the Punic Wars was over. When Hannibal eventually retreated amongst his regular army to Carthage, his regular army was defeated past times Scipio Africanus inwards the Battle of Zama.  Always sought past times the Romans, when Hannibal was almost the historic catamenia of 64 as well as to live taken prisoner, he took toxicant as well as is recorded to receive got stated:</div> <blockquote class="tr_bq"> <div style="text-align: justify;"> "Let us forthwith position an destination to the neat anxiety of the Romans who receive got idea it likewise lengthy as well as likewise heavy a chore to hold off for the expiry of a hated onetime man."</div> </blockquote> <h1 id="watch-headline-title"> <span class="long-title" dir="ltr" id="eow-title" title="Hannibal Barca of Carthage, North Africa"><span style="font-size: small;">Hon. doc John Henrik Clarke on Carthage</span></span></h1> </div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <object height="315" width="420"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube-nocookie.com/v/Nl7yAQzCAg8?version=3&hl=en_US"></param> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param> <param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param> <embed src="http://www.youtube-nocookie.com/v/Nl7yAQzCAg8?version=3&hl=en_US" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="420" height="315" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div style="text-align: left;"> <b><i>Further Comments on This Blog Has Been CLOSED.</i></b></div> </div>

Hannibal Barca Of Carthage, Northward Africa

Image: Coin bearing the icon of Hannibal as well as his famed battalion of elephants. In 247 B.C., the yr Hannibal Barca was born, the Carthage empire was about 500 years old. Known every bit 1…

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U.S. Supreme Courtroom Jurist Thurgood Marshall

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqhXsRae1FONpyc3B6MS8g2zeqiEEYl3fQiZNQ7bIzU7BgI-ZUPHxxOY2QvXCvUT0Q5HlmwpXjZpo3SaHqS3Ki3_4ZBV4k5fB2yoDU92pSgo3lPa-y1pQWwV9m4WNJPyF-OeJICT8-7m4/s1600/Justice+Thurgood+Marshall.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqhXsRae1FONpyc3B6MS8g2zeqiEEYl3fQiZNQ7bIzU7BgI-ZUPHxxOY2QvXCvUT0Q5HlmwpXjZpo3SaHqS3Ki3_4ZBV4k5fB2yoDU92pSgo3lPa-y1pQWwV9m4WNJPyF-OeJICT8-7m4/s400/Justice+Thurgood+Marshall.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b style="background-color: white; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">Thurgood Marshall</b><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"> was born July 2, 1908 inwards Baltimore, Maryland too died Jan 24, 1993. He was an Associate Justice of the U.S.A. of America Supreme Court where he served from Oct 1967 to Oct 1991. The 96th justice, Marshall </span><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">was the outset U.S. Supreme Court justice of African descent inwards the United States. </span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"><br /> </span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 19.185184478759766px;">Marshall was the great-grandson of a human being born inwards the portion at 1 time known every bit the <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=patrice-lumumba-first-prime-minister-of" target="_blank">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a> but brought to the U.S.A. of America every bit a slave, according Stewart A. Kallen inwards his autobiography "Thurgood Marshall: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 Dream of Justice for All". Marshall's granddad was too born into slavery inwards the United States. His father, William Canfield Marshall, was the outset freeman of his household unit of measurement too became a Pullman railroad porter. His mother, Norma Arica, was a teacher. </span><br /> <span style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit; line-height: 19.185184478759766px;"><br /> </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 19.185184478759766px;">"</span><span style="line-height: 19.185184478759766px;">Before his twenty-four hours of the month to serve on the Supreme Court, he represented too won to a greater extent than cases earlier the U.S.A. of America Supreme Court than whatsoever other American," according to <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=patrice-lumumba-first-prime-minister-of" target="_blank">Charles Hamilton Houston</a>, who was his police delineate professor too professional person mentor. </span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"><br /> </span></span> <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">Marshall's police delineate practise included twenty-four hours of the month every bit in-house legal counsel to the <a href="http://www.naacp.org/" target="_blank">NAACP</a>. As a trial attorney, Marshall</span><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;"> may endure best known for his victory inwards the 1954 U.S. Supreme Court determination inwards </span><a href="http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0347_0483_ZO.html" style="line-height: 19.200000762939453px;" target="_blank">Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka</a><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">, which successfully challenged the racialist carve upwards but equal doctrine inwards American society, a doctrine that was too then enforced past times the laws of the land. </span></span></div><table border="0" style="background-color: white;"><tbody> <tr><td width="49"></td><td><br /> </td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49"><br /> 1930<br /> <br /> 1933</td><td><b><i>A Brief Thurgood Marshall Timeline</i></b><br /> <br /> Mr. Marshall graduates amongst honors from Lincoln University, <i>cum laude</i><br /> <br /> Receives police delineate grade from Howard U. (<i>magna cum laude</i>); begins somebody practise inwards Baltimore</td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49">1934</td><td><br /> Begins to travel for Baltimore branch of NAACP<br /> <br /> </td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49">1935</td><td>With Charles Houston, wins outset major civil rights case, Murray v. Pearson</td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49"><br /> 1936</td><td><br /> Becomes assistant exceptional counsel for NAACP inwards New York</td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49"><br /> 1940</td><td><br /> Wins outset of 29 Supreme Court victories (Chambers v. Florida)</td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49"><br /> 1944</td><td><br /> Successfully argues Smith v. Allwright, overthrowing the South's "white primary"</td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49">1948</td><td><br /> Wins Shelley v. Kraemer, inwards which Supreme Court strikes downward legality of racially restrictive covenants</td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49">1950</td><td><br /> Wins Supreme Court victories inwards 2 graduate-school integration cases, Sweatt v. Painter too McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents</td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49">1951</td><td><br /> Visits Republic of Korea too Nippon to investigate charges of racism inwards U.S. armed forces. He reported that the full general practise was 1 of "rigid segregation".</td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49">1954</td><td><br /> Wins Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, landmark representative that demolishes legal reason for segregation inwards America</td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49">1961</td><td><br /> Defends civil rights demonstrators, winning Supreme Circuit Court victory inwards Garner v. Louisiana; nominated to Second Court of Appeals past times President J.F. Kennedy</td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49">1961</td><td><br /> Appointed circuit judge, makes 112 rulings, all of them afterward upheld past times Supreme Court (1961-1965)</td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49">1965</td><td><br /> Appointed U.S. solicitor full general past times President Lyndon Johnson; wins xiv of the xix cases he argues for the regime (1965-1967)</td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49"><br /> 1967</td><td><br /> Becomes outset African American elevated to U.S. Supreme Court (1967-1991)</td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49"><br /> 1991<br /> <br /> </td><td>Retires from the Supreme Court</td></tr> <tr><td width="22"></td><td width="49">1993</td><td>Dies at 84</td></tr> </tbody></table></div><br /> <b>MIKE WALLACE NIGHT BEAT amongst THURGOOD MARSHALL</b><br /> <br /> <div style="text-align: center;"><object height="315" width="420"><param name="movie" value="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/v/IoPLitU6jVg?version=3&hl=en_US"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/v/IoPLitU6jVg?version=3&hl=en_US" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="420" height="315" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></div></div>

U.S. Supreme Courtroom Jurist Thurgood Marshall

Thurgood Marshall was born July 2, 1908 inwards Baltimore, Maryland too died Jan 24, 1993. He was an Associate Justice of the U.S.A. of America Supreme Court where he served from Oct 1967 to Oct 1991…

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A Brief Timeline Of The Ancient History Of Africa To The Scramble For Africa

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpFwAKUDJ-G3clKdjS-N6SuWipuk6wcPjrpzoRTqW_7Xd0Z4LGHsTTRsnQgz0sPkSTDWcqO2GWnBuew3ti4WSVA8mwJxIvOq4dggUOBZi_SwLkPstr_HwWDGxzHmcy9UcFeA0QJoJB60g/s1600/Map-of-Africa-1812.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="323" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpFwAKUDJ-G3clKdjS-N6SuWipuk6wcPjrpzoRTqW_7Xd0Z4LGHsTTRsnQgz0sPkSTDWcqO2GWnBuew3ti4WSVA8mwJxIvOq4dggUOBZi_SwLkPstr_HwWDGxzHmcy9UcFeA0QJoJB60g/s400/Map-of-Africa-1812.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Map of Africa, c. 1812.</td></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="text-align: left;"> </div> <br /> <div style="text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 431px;"> <colgroup><col width="69"></col> <col width="362"></col> </colgroup><tbody> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <br /></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="362"><div align="CENTER"> <br /></div> <div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>A BRIEF TIMELINE </b></span></span> </span></div> <div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>OF THE ANCIENT HISTORY OF AFRICA </b></span></span> </span></div> <div align="CENTER"> <span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><span style="color: white; font-size: small;"><b>TO THE “SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA”</b></span></span></div> <div align="CENTER"> <br /></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <br /></div> <div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">c. 3150 B.C.</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">Ancient tradition states that the start pharaoh (king) of <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=queen-tiye" target="_blank"><b>Kemet</b></a> (kmt, translation: “black land”, nka Ancient Egypt) was Pharaoh Menes, honored amongst having unified Upper together with Lower Kemet into a unmarried kingdom. The pharaoh of Dynasty I would laid about a serial of dynasties that ruled Kemet for the side yesteryear side iii millennium. In Pliny's account, Menes was credited amongst existence the inventor of writing inwards Kemet.</span></span></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">The New Kingdom of Kemet (c. 1550-1070 B.C.) began amongst the Eighteenth Dynasty, mark the ascension of Arab Republic of Egypt every bit an international ability that expanded during its greatest extension to an empire into the southern, northern together with western regions of continental Africa together with every bit far due east every bit the percentage straightaway called India. Notable Pharaohs of this era include Hatshepsut, Thutmose III, Akhenaten together with his married adult woman Nefertiti, Tutankhamun together with Ramesses II. The final native ruled dynasty is said to conduct maintain been the Thirtieth Dynasty, afterwards which the kingdom savage into the hands of Farsi rulers c. 343 B.C., defeating Pharaoh Nectanebo II. Later the Ottomans, of Arab descent, came to govern this business office of the Nile Valley.</span></span></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <br /></div> <div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">c. 1200 B.C.</span></span></div> </td><td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">Kingdom of Kush was an ancient African dynasty situated on the confluences of the Blue Nile, White Nile together with River Atbara inwards what is straightaway the Republic of Sudan. Established afterwards the Bronze Age collapse (c. 1206 to 1150), it was centered at Napata inwards its early on phase. After manful somebody monarch Kashta ("the Kushite") invaded Arab Republic of Egypt inwards the eighth century BC, the Kushite kings ruled every bit Pharaohs of the Twenty-fifth dynasty of Arab Republic of Egypt for a century, until they were expelled yesteryear Psamtik I inwards 656 BC. In early on Greek geography, the Meroitic kingdom, amongst its violet working capital missive of the alphabet at Meroe, was known every bit Ethiopia. The Kushite kingdom amongst its working capital missive of the alphabet at Meroe persisted until the quaternary century C.E., when it weakened together with disintegrated due to internal rebellion. The Kushite working capital missive of the alphabet was eventually captured together with destroyed yesteryear the kingdom of Axum. </span></span> </div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <br /></div> <div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><br /></span></span> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><br /></span></span> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><br /></span></span> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><br /></span></span> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><br /></span></span> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><br /></span></span> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><br /></span></span> <br /> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">c. 100 C.E.</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8rsTsriY_0wP-5pAD9zJWn5jOV1ehEznq1sS1qbZUTvA3uGfn43BeqWt-2woAQ4bdHqKvbojiIjJVWgOeINGfIlHG0W9_5GMCtsPQOEzwdpUxLxaLWCkmdM6je8JLxUaf97bLOh9H4ok/s1600/kingdom+of+kush.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="135" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8rsTsriY_0wP-5pAD9zJWn5jOV1ehEznq1sS1qbZUTvA3uGfn43BeqWt-2woAQ4bdHqKvbojiIjJVWgOeINGfIlHG0W9_5GMCtsPQOEzwdpUxLxaLWCkmdM6je8JLxUaf97bLOh9H4ok/s200/kingdom+of+kush.jpg" width="200" /></a></div> <br /></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><span style="color: white;">Kingdom of Aksum (aka every bit the Axum, Aksumite Kingdom, Abyssinia together with Ethiopia), encompassed the national regions straightaway known every bit Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia together with Eritrea. Its govern included govern over the declining Kingdom of Kush together with over the Kingdom of Himyarite inwards the percentage straightaway known every bit Yemen, which together with therefore included Saba (<a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=queen-tiye" target="_blank"><b>Sheba</b></a>) from c. 25 B.C., Qataban from c. 200 C.E., together with Hadramaut from c. 300 C.E. The kingdom existed from some 100 C.E. to 940 C.E. Great traders, the Aksumites minted their ain currency together with was named yesteryear Mani (216–276 C.E.) every bit ane of the 4 smashing powers of his fourth dimension along amongst Persia, Rome, together with China. Aksum became the start major empire to convert to Christianity.</span></span></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <br /></div> <div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">c. 400 C.E.</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">The mention Nubia is derived from the Noba people, nomads who settled inwards the Nile valley percentage inwards the quaternary century, afterwards the collapse of the Kingdom of Kush. In the ancient commentary, however, Nubia, Kush together with Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (Greek: Aithiopia) are oftentimes used to depict the same people. For example, spell Kemet conquered Nubian lands during diverse times inwards history, the Nubians are too noted every bit having conquered Kemet nether its 25th Dynasty. </span></span> </div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">The ancient Nubian linguistic communication inwards written cast uses a modified Coptic script that was to a greater extent than often than non used inwards religious texts dating from the eighth together with 15th centuries C.E.. It is straightaway preserved inwards at to the lowest degree a hundred pages of ancient documents, including the famous <i>The Martyrdom of Saint Menas</i>. </span></span> </div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">There were a divulge of small-scale Nubian kingdoms throughout the Middle Ages, the final of which collapsed inwards 1504, when Nubia became divided betwixt The Arab Republic of Arab Republic of Egypt together with the Sennar sultanate resulting inwards the Arabization of much of the Nubian population. Nubia was over again brought nether Ottoman Arab Republic of Egypt inwards the 19th century, together with inside Anglo-Egyptian Sudan from 1899 to 1956. </span></span> </div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <br /></div> <div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">c. 400 C.E.</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">Kingdom of Ghana, too called the Wagadou, founded inwards western percentage of Africa. The wealth of the kingdom includes commentaries of domesticated animals adorned amongst gilded collars together with included the domestication of camels earlier the Arabs. </span></span></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><br /></span></span></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">The onetime kingdom is non located inwards the same percentage every bit the electrical flow <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=queen-tiye" target="_blank"><b>Ghana nation</b></a>. It included the western percentage of the electrical flow patch of Republic of Mali together with the southeastern department of the electrical flow patch of Islamic Republic of Mauritania together with emcompassed Mande-speaking people. Gold, ivory, together with tabular array salt were traded to Europe together with the Middle East. Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī (Arabic: </span><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">عَبْدَالله مُحَمَّد بِن مُوسَى اَلْخْوَارِزْمِي‎</span><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">), the Farsi mathematician, astronomer together with geographer writing from Baghdad c. 800 C.E. documented the legend of the Republic of Ghana dynasties.</span></span></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <br /></div> <div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">c. 600 C.E.</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">The Great Republic of Zimbabwe complex was built inwards rock inwards the Kingdom of Zimbabwe, mark the ascension of the Shona (Translation: dzimba dza mabwe or "great rock houses") culture together with evidencing the smashing Bantu expansion. The archaeological ruins known every bit "Great Zimbabwe" conduct maintain been radiocarbon dated to some 600 C.E. The Kingdom of Republic of Zimbabwe controlled the ivory together with gilded merchandise from the interior to the southeastern coast of Africa. Asian together with Standard Arabic goods could live on found inwards abundance inwards the kingdom. </span></span> </div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><br /></span></span></div> <div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">c. 1230 C.E.</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">The <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=queen-tiye" target="_blank"><b>Mali Empire</b></a> (aka Mandingo Empire or Manden Kurufaba) major tribal grouping was the Mandinka together with was founded yesteryear Sundiata Keita together with gained international fame from its ruler Mansa Musa I. The empire formed on the upper Niger River, together with reached the superlative of ability inwards the 14th century amongst the centre of its scholarship together with merchandise inwards the ancient cities of Djenné together with <a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=queen-tiye" target="_blank"><b>Timbuktu</b></a>. </span></span> </div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Timbuktu-manuscripts-astronomy-mathematics.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img align="BOTTOM" border="1" height="150" name="graphics1" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Timbuktu-manuscripts-astronomy-mathematics.jpg/220px-Timbuktu-manuscripts-astronomy-mathematics.jpg" width="223" /></a></td></tr> <tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;">The pages higher upwardly are from Timbuktu Manuscripts written inwards Sudani script (a Semetic script) from the Republic of Mali Empire showing established noesis of astronomy together with mathematics. Today in that place are unopen to a 1000000 of these manuscripts found inwards Timbuktu alone.</span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="color: #cccccc;"></span></span><br /></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><br /></span></span></div> <div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">c. 1402 C.E.</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">Ethiopian diplomatic mission was established inwards Venice.</span></span></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">c. 1460 </span></span> </div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">The Songhai (aka Songhay) are idea to conduct maintain settled at Gao every bit early on every bit 800 C.E., but did non constitute it every bit the working capital missive of the alphabet until the 11th century, during the reign of Dia Kossoi. Sulaiman-Mar gained independence together with hegemony over Gao c. 1340, together with became the forbear of Sunni Ali, the start emperor of Songhai, reigning from c. 1464-1493. Sulaiman-Mar is often credited amongst wresting ability away from the Republic of Mali Empire at a fourth dimension of internal succession disputes. The Songhai Empire would eventually supplanted the Republic of Mali Empire. The Songhai Empire would collapse inwards 1591 inwards smashing business office due to what is described every bit the Moroccan invasion.</span></span></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1497</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">Vasco da Gama rounds the Cape of Good Hope</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1505-1821</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">The Funj empire inwards Sudan.</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1517</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">Ottomans conduct maintain Cairo</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1626</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">First French settle inwards Senegal together with Madagascar</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1628-29</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">War betwixt Mozambique together with Portugal, amongst Mozambique becoming a Portuguese protectorate</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1820</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">Egypt conquers Sudan. British settlers larn far inwards Cape Colony.</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1822</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">Liberia is established yesteryear freed Africans from America.</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1824-31</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">First Anglo-Ashanti War.</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1830-47</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">French conquest of Algeria.</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1834-35</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">British defeat the Xhosa.</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1849</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">Livingstone's start journeying inwards Africa</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1850-78</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">Nine Xhosa wars inwards South Africa.</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1868</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">British annexes Lesotho</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1869</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">Suez Canal opens</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">1879</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">Ango-Zulu War</span></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td bgcolor="#004a4a" sdnum="1033;1033;@" width="69"><div align="CENTER"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">c. 1880</span></span></div> </td> <td bgcolor="#198a8a" width="362"><div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;">“<span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;">Scramble for Africa” begins</span></span></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <br /></div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <div style="text-align: left;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><i>Note: There were many smashing kingdoms together with empires that rose on the African continent, such every bit the smashing civilizations developed yesteryear the Moor together with the Berber, the </i></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><i><a href="https://conaircurlingiron.blogspot.com//search?q=queen-tiye" target="_blank"><b>Ndongo Kingdom inwards the fundamental W Africa</b></a></i></span></span><i style="background-color: transparent; color: white; font-family: Thorndale, serif; text-align: left;">; the absence on this time-line is a production of the require for brevity only.</i></div> </div> <div align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-left: 0.13in; margin-right: 0.19in;"> <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale, serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><br /></i></span></span></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> <br /> </div>

A Brief Timeline Of The Ancient History Of Africa To The Scramble For Africa

Map of Africa, c. 1812. A BRIEF TIMELINE OF THE ANCIENT HISTORY OF AFRICA TO THE “SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA” c. 3150 B.C. Ancient tradi…

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